1948 January 4th ni in Mikang gamkekte khut tung pan Suahtakna ngahna tungtawn in a hong piangkhia Tualsuak minam kim kihel Beelpawlgam ah General Aungsan makaihna tawh akisuai ahi 1947 gambup thukhunpi ah gambup biakna vai tawh kisai in bangmah kigelhlo, kiciamteh lo hi. Minamkim, upna namkim ahih manin biakna khat tawh ciapteh ding pen General Aungsan in thuman asak loh hang zong ahi hi.
1947, May kha sungin akibawl ahi PhahSahPahLah (Anti-Fascist and People Freedom League) khawmpi, gambup thukhunpi suai dingin akiseh mi (111) committee meeting ah Thukhun lam adivisor pa ahi U ChianThun in Gambup aitang biakna mun ah Bohdah biakna ci in guang leng cih a ngaihsutna hong sung hi. Hih ngaihsutpiakna pen Dedoh U BaCho (Committee member, Minister of Information, nung ciangin Gen. Aungsan te tawh kisuamlum) in na thukimpih kha hi. Gen. Aungsan in zong tangtel sittan bangin gamvai ah biakna guan ding pen ut het lo in, a nial tinten pah in, Dedoh U Bacho zong hapkhat suah phei kha hi kici hi. Suahtakna zong ngah lian nailo, Mualmi le Kawlmite zong kipawlkhawm in gamkhat din ding akipan pan hun ah, hi bangin Biakna vai hong gen uh pen Mualmite tawh kimuhkhialh ding Gen. Aungsan apatau ahi hi. Nidang ciangin zong Gamvai ah Biakna paulap in mipawlkhatte a hong kimawl khak ding, gamsung buaina hong pian khak ding a pautau zong ahi hi. Leitung gam pawlkhatte ah biakna hangin tualgal piang kawikawi a kithei kim ciat ahi hi. Tua bek hilo in Kayin minamte tawh a ki etcik gige laitak uh zong ahi hi.
Gambup biakna mun ah Bohdah biakna guan sangin Mualmite tawh kilem dimdiam ding Gen. Aungsan in a deihzaw ahiphot ahi hi. A tawpna ah U Chanthun in “Gambup biakna cihna ah Bohdah biakna ih guang kei phialzong, gambup thukhunpi ah biakna tawh kisai ih atloh pelmawh ding hi. Hih Ireland te le Europe gam pawlkhatte thukhunpite na en lecin zong a gambup thukhunpi ah biakna vai hel uhi.” ci’n a hong genpih ciangin tawm khat a lung hong nem sak kik in 1947 gambup thukhunpi Khenpi II, numbat 20,21,a,b,c,d, 22 te ah Biakna tawh kisai, thukhun pawlkhat hong guang uhi. Ahi zongin Gambup biakna pen genna, gelhna omlo hi.
1947 thukhunpi, Khenpi II, numbat 21, tang 1na ah “Gambup mipi atamzaw in Bohda biakna kizui ahih manin Bohdah biakna pen Biakna pha hi ci’n kiciamteh hi.” Tang 2na “Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Dawibiakna zuite hih thukhunpi kipsakna khit ciangin amau biaknate zong gambup ah om hi ci’n ki theihpih hi.”
Khenpi II, numbat 22na ah “Biakna, minam, kampau te paulap in pilsinna sangte ah luttheih nading khaktanna, bang biakna ahi pialzongin sanginn sungah biakna tawh kisai thuhilhnate mimal tawm upna dangte tungah hilh tantanlo ding. “…….. cih bangin Biakna tawh kisai thukhun akigelh hi.
SUAHTAKNA, TUALSUNG LE THUNEIHNA LAM SO NGEINGAINA
1948 January 4 ni in Beelpawlgam in suahtakna hong ngahta hi. U Nu makai in mi 18 te in gam thuneihna hong la phot uhi. Suahtakna ngahzawh kha 2 val, March 28 ni in Communist Party (dial kang) te gam-uk kumpite lehdo dingin hong kipankhia uh hi. Tua nung ah Kayinte, Palik (akang) te, Galkap pawlkhat cih bangte in gamsung bel in kumpite hong lehdo uh a tualgal nasiatak in kipan to pah hi.
1948 August 16 ni in Beelpawlgam President Saik ShweTaik in patauhdak tangko khia ta hi. Hi bangteng tawh kiteelna kibawl thei lo in, kum 4 (kha 48) bang hong kivei to hi. 1951 June 12 le 1952 January 3 kikal in khen 3 suah in gambup kiteelna pi kibawl hi. U Nu te pawl PhahSahPahLah hongkah hi. 1956 April 27 ni’n a nihveina gambup kiteelnapi kibawl leuleu in Tua mun ah U BaSwe te pawl hong kah to leuleu hi. 1957 kumin PhahSahPahLah President U Nu in Prime Minister (PM) din mun hong lakik in gam-uk thunei pawl ding hong seh kik leuleu hi. U Ba Swe in PM ahuh le Gambitna (Defence) lam ah vaipuak hong la hi.
Beelpawlgam gamsung tualgai vai le party te kikhenkham ziazua in, gambup innpi pan in mipi palai honkhat in gam-uk thunei te uploh na cih bang gam sona huhau in Prime Minister (PM)U Nu in galkap mangpi Gen. Newin kiang ah “Nangmah gam makai ding hong hi inla, gam-uk dingin pawl hong zong inla 1958 kum, April kha bei ma in kiteelpi khat hong bawl in” ci’n lai khat hong khak hi. 1958 October 28 pan November sungin akibawl Gambup Innpi (anihvei mipi innpi khawmpi) ah U Nu in General Ne Win pen PM dingin thu hong sung hi. Gam-uk hun kha 3 le ni 17 bek ahi pan TantShin PhaSahPhaLah (nung ciangin PyiThaungSuh Party, PahThahSah ah khel) in 1958 October 28 ni in gambup thuneihna ukna pen Galkap mang Gen. Newin makaih Inn ngak pawl tungah hong piasawn uhi.
1959, February 13 ni in Innngak Pawl ah makaipi Gen. Ne Win in Mipi Innpi khawmpi sam in tua mun ah gam-uk thuneihna pen thuneihna let zawh kha (6) cin khit, April kha sungin kiteelna bawlkik dingpen hithei nailo ahih manin a hun a khaat toh lai nading ngen hi. Hih Inn-ngak Pawl thuneih hun sungin galkap langpang gamvai vei pawlkhat te kiman in, utong lim atuang sum 100 si sak uh a, Shan gam ukpite thuneihna zong paikhia sak uhi. Hi bang teng tawh 1960 kum hong tun ciangin Gambup kiteelnapi bawlkik ding in hong tangko khia uhi.
Tua ahih manin kiteelpi ah akidem ding party te in zong metang zong in kidem in hong om ngeingai uhi. U Nu makaihna ahi TanShin (Siangtho) PhaSahPhaLah in a metang zonna vuah biakna paulap in mipite zol uhi. U Nu marn le Bohdah biakna color ahi a naipaak melte suangkawm in mee suai uhi. U Nu in zong kiteelpi ah ko party mee nong piak vua, ka zawh vua leh Bohdah biakna pen gambup biakna mun ah ka guang ding uhi.” Ci’n mipite kamciam pia in Biakna paulap in me asuai hi.
1960 February 6th ni in kiteelpi hong kibawl in tua mun ah TanShin PSPL in tutna 159 tawh gam-uk thuneihna len thei dingin gualzawhna hong ngah uhi. A kidem pih TiMe( Kipkho) PSPL te in tutna 42 ngah in, PahMahNgiahTah in tutna mun 1 hong ngah ciat uhi. 1960 April 4 ni in gam-uk thuneihna len dingin U Nu le apawlte in Laisiangtho hong nam uhi. Inn-ngak Pawl makai Gen. NeWin in U Nu tungah gam-uk thuneihna hong paikik hi.
A KAMCIAM BANGIN HONG KIPANTA
Me suai lai in a kamciam piakna bangin U Nu in zong gambup biakna pen Bohdah biakna cih ding in hong kithawi tak ciangin Bohdah biakna thuzuilo tualsuakmi (mualmite), Biakna dang kipawlnate le gamvai vei mi pawlkhatte in hong kankuat ngeingai uhi. Amaute in 1947 kum Gambup thukhunpi, Khenpi II, Numbat 21, tang (4)na “Gamvai nasepna ah biakna paulap theilo ding, tua bek ahilo minam vai, biakna/upna vai ahizong, lang khat le lang khat kihuatna, ki galbawlna, kituambawlna te piantheihna ding vaihawmna/geelna te in hih thukhunpi a langpan ahi hi. Hi bang gamtatnate ah mawhna dan piaktheihna dingin thu kibawl thei hi” siksan uhi.
Gambup biakna tawh kisai in thukhunbawl Innpi ah U Nu in thu a sun ma nikhat sap, 1961, August 16 ni in Thun Nisim Thuthang ah chief editor U ThunPhe, Kachin minam makaipi Duwa Zaw Lun, U Than Maung (Bamar/Muslim), Saw YanDee (Kayin, Christian), Pu San Dui (Chin), U MaungMaung Khin (Kayah, Christian) te in Thukhenzumpi ah mawhpaih (thu bawl) theih nading in lai khia (siau) uhi.
1961, August 17, a (5) veina Innpi khawmpi a ni (3) ni in U Nu in Bohdah biakna pen Gambup biakna ah ciamteh nading 1961 gambup thukhunpi (a thumveina puahphatna) ah hong sung in, a thukim 219, a langpang 15 le a kaigawi 1 tawh hih thukhun hong kikipsak hi. Tua khit ah August 26 ni akibawl Mipi Innpi le Minam Innpi dawlnihte khawmpi ah a thukimpih 324, alangpan 28 tawh kikipsak leuleu hi.
September 25, Gambup biakna pen Bohdah biakna cih thukhun in biakna dangte a sukkhak loh nading in thukhunpi (a 4veina puahphatna) ah thu hong sung leuleu in thukimpih 310 tawh kikip sak leuleu hi. Hih puahphatna huhau in “Bohdah biakna pen Gambup biakna ahi hi” cih (a 3 veina puahphatna) bangin a koihsuak nuam Lutol kipawlnate le Lutol pawlkhatte in lungphona nei ngeingai leuleu uhi.
U Nu in mimal tam amau Kawlte ultung sak in, mimal tamna tha tawh mimal tawm mualmite zawhthawhna in thu vaihawm theihna Arna a hong ngah taktak ciangin Duwa Zaw Sai makai in Kachin Christian te in 1960, October 25 ni in Kachin Suahtakna Pawl (Kachin Independent Organization/KIO) hong phuan in galkap thautawi (Kachin Independence Army/KIA) minpua in Kumpite langdo hong kipan pah uhi.
Hih bang in mualmi/tualsuakmite le Kawlmite liangko kikim, kideidanna omlo ding ci’n suahtakna lak khop nading makaite kamciam kipiaknate, thukimna letmatte pen hong kipelh ta asuak hi. Hi thu pian zawh asawt lo, 1962 March kha 1 ni in Galkap (Gen. Newin makai) te in gam-uk thuneihna U Nu le apawlte khut tungpan sut khia uh a, Lumlet Council (TawLanYay Council) ci in March 2 ni kipan in gam-uk ding hong kipan uhi. Nidang in a khangto, Asia sahangno akici, ankhing tuikhing a kham Beelpawl gam pen kum 30 bang a hong sawt tak ciangin a zawng pen le tualgal asawt pen gam hong suak hiau hi.
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Lai-at: Tg. Nang Khan Lian
Etkak laibute
1. U LaNan Bawk, TaiYinTar Kachin Lumyo Mya ih Eihmyat Ko ThuhSit Chyin (Kachin Pyinee Phit Paw Lar Pong). (Kawllai)
2. 1947 Constitution, Union Of Burma.
3. TanWinHlaing, Myanmar Naingan Dwin Cinpah Kheh daw YwekauhPwe mya Ko SitTan Thoh Cih Chyin. (Kawllai)
1947, May kha sungin akibawl ahi PhahSahPahLah (Anti-Fascist and People Freedom League) khawmpi, gambup thukhunpi suai dingin akiseh mi (111) committee meeting ah Thukhun lam adivisor pa ahi U ChianThun in Gambup aitang biakna mun ah Bohdah biakna ci in guang leng cih a ngaihsutna hong sung hi. Hih ngaihsutpiakna pen Dedoh U BaCho (Committee member, Minister of Information, nung ciangin Gen. Aungsan te tawh kisuamlum) in na thukimpih kha hi. Gen. Aungsan in zong tangtel sittan bangin gamvai ah biakna guan ding pen ut het lo in, a nial tinten pah in, Dedoh U Bacho zong hapkhat suah phei kha hi kici hi. Suahtakna zong ngah lian nailo, Mualmi le Kawlmite zong kipawlkhawm in gamkhat din ding akipan pan hun ah, hi bangin Biakna vai hong gen uh pen Mualmite tawh kimuhkhialh ding Gen. Aungsan apatau ahi hi. Nidang ciangin zong Gamvai ah Biakna paulap in mipawlkhatte a hong kimawl khak ding, gamsung buaina hong pian khak ding a pautau zong ahi hi. Leitung gam pawlkhatte ah biakna hangin tualgal piang kawikawi a kithei kim ciat ahi hi. Tua bek hilo in Kayin minamte tawh a ki etcik gige laitak uh zong ahi hi.
Gambup biakna mun ah Bohdah biakna guan sangin Mualmite tawh kilem dimdiam ding Gen. Aungsan in a deihzaw ahiphot ahi hi. A tawpna ah U Chanthun in “Gambup biakna cihna ah Bohdah biakna ih guang kei phialzong, gambup thukhunpi ah biakna tawh kisai ih atloh pelmawh ding hi. Hih Ireland te le Europe gam pawlkhatte thukhunpite na en lecin zong a gambup thukhunpi ah biakna vai hel uhi.” ci’n a hong genpih ciangin tawm khat a lung hong nem sak kik in 1947 gambup thukhunpi Khenpi II, numbat 20,21,a,b,c,d, 22 te ah Biakna tawh kisai, thukhun pawlkhat hong guang uhi. Ahi zongin Gambup biakna pen genna, gelhna omlo hi.
1947 thukhunpi, Khenpi II, numbat 21, tang 1na ah “Gambup mipi atamzaw in Bohda biakna kizui ahih manin Bohdah biakna pen Biakna pha hi ci’n kiciamteh hi.” Tang 2na “Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Dawibiakna zuite hih thukhunpi kipsakna khit ciangin amau biaknate zong gambup ah om hi ci’n ki theihpih hi.”
Khenpi II, numbat 22na ah “Biakna, minam, kampau te paulap in pilsinna sangte ah luttheih nading khaktanna, bang biakna ahi pialzongin sanginn sungah biakna tawh kisai thuhilhnate mimal tawm upna dangte tungah hilh tantanlo ding. “…….. cih bangin Biakna tawh kisai thukhun akigelh hi.
SUAHTAKNA, TUALSUNG LE THUNEIHNA LAM SO NGEINGAINA
1948 January 4 ni in Beelpawlgam in suahtakna hong ngahta hi. U Nu makai in mi 18 te in gam thuneihna hong la phot uhi. Suahtakna ngahzawh kha 2 val, March 28 ni in Communist Party (dial kang) te gam-uk kumpite lehdo dingin hong kipankhia uh hi. Tua nung ah Kayinte, Palik (akang) te, Galkap pawlkhat cih bangte in gamsung bel in kumpite hong lehdo uh a tualgal nasiatak in kipan to pah hi.
1948 August 16 ni in Beelpawlgam President Saik ShweTaik in patauhdak tangko khia ta hi. Hi bangteng tawh kiteelna kibawl thei lo in, kum 4 (kha 48) bang hong kivei to hi. 1951 June 12 le 1952 January 3 kikal in khen 3 suah in gambup kiteelna pi kibawl hi. U Nu te pawl PhahSahPahLah hongkah hi. 1956 April 27 ni’n a nihveina gambup kiteelnapi kibawl leuleu in Tua mun ah U BaSwe te pawl hong kah to leuleu hi. 1957 kumin PhahSahPahLah President U Nu in Prime Minister (PM) din mun hong lakik in gam-uk thunei pawl ding hong seh kik leuleu hi. U Ba Swe in PM ahuh le Gambitna (Defence) lam ah vaipuak hong la hi.
Beelpawlgam gamsung tualgai vai le party te kikhenkham ziazua in, gambup innpi pan in mipi palai honkhat in gam-uk thunei te uploh na cih bang gam sona huhau in Prime Minister (PM)U Nu in galkap mangpi Gen. Newin kiang ah “Nangmah gam makai ding hong hi inla, gam-uk dingin pawl hong zong inla 1958 kum, April kha bei ma in kiteelpi khat hong bawl in” ci’n lai khat hong khak hi. 1958 October 28 pan November sungin akibawl Gambup Innpi (anihvei mipi innpi khawmpi) ah U Nu in General Ne Win pen PM dingin thu hong sung hi. Gam-uk hun kha 3 le ni 17 bek ahi pan TantShin PhaSahPhaLah (nung ciangin PyiThaungSuh Party, PahThahSah ah khel) in 1958 October 28 ni in gambup thuneihna ukna pen Galkap mang Gen. Newin makaih Inn ngak pawl tungah hong piasawn uhi.
1959, February 13 ni in Innngak Pawl ah makaipi Gen. Ne Win in Mipi Innpi khawmpi sam in tua mun ah gam-uk thuneihna pen thuneihna let zawh kha (6) cin khit, April kha sungin kiteelna bawlkik dingpen hithei nailo ahih manin a hun a khaat toh lai nading ngen hi. Hih Inn-ngak Pawl thuneih hun sungin galkap langpang gamvai vei pawlkhat te kiman in, utong lim atuang sum 100 si sak uh a, Shan gam ukpite thuneihna zong paikhia sak uhi. Hi bang teng tawh 1960 kum hong tun ciangin Gambup kiteelnapi bawlkik ding in hong tangko khia uhi.
Tua ahih manin kiteelpi ah akidem ding party te in zong metang zong in kidem in hong om ngeingai uhi. U Nu makaihna ahi TanShin (Siangtho) PhaSahPhaLah in a metang zonna vuah biakna paulap in mipite zol uhi. U Nu marn le Bohdah biakna color ahi a naipaak melte suangkawm in mee suai uhi. U Nu in zong kiteelpi ah ko party mee nong piak vua, ka zawh vua leh Bohdah biakna pen gambup biakna mun ah ka guang ding uhi.” Ci’n mipite kamciam pia in Biakna paulap in me asuai hi.
1960 February 6th ni in kiteelpi hong kibawl in tua mun ah TanShin PSPL in tutna 159 tawh gam-uk thuneihna len thei dingin gualzawhna hong ngah uhi. A kidem pih TiMe( Kipkho) PSPL te in tutna 42 ngah in, PahMahNgiahTah in tutna mun 1 hong ngah ciat uhi. 1960 April 4 ni in gam-uk thuneihna len dingin U Nu le apawlte in Laisiangtho hong nam uhi. Inn-ngak Pawl makai Gen. NeWin in U Nu tungah gam-uk thuneihna hong paikik hi.
A KAMCIAM BANGIN HONG KIPANTA
Me suai lai in a kamciam piakna bangin U Nu in zong gambup biakna pen Bohdah biakna cih ding in hong kithawi tak ciangin Bohdah biakna thuzuilo tualsuakmi (mualmite), Biakna dang kipawlnate le gamvai vei mi pawlkhatte in hong kankuat ngeingai uhi. Amaute in 1947 kum Gambup thukhunpi, Khenpi II, Numbat 21, tang (4)na “Gamvai nasepna ah biakna paulap theilo ding, tua bek ahilo minam vai, biakna/upna vai ahizong, lang khat le lang khat kihuatna, ki galbawlna, kituambawlna te piantheihna ding vaihawmna/geelna te in hih thukhunpi a langpan ahi hi. Hi bang gamtatnate ah mawhna dan piaktheihna dingin thu kibawl thei hi” siksan uhi.
Gambup biakna tawh kisai in thukhunbawl Innpi ah U Nu in thu a sun ma nikhat sap, 1961, August 16 ni in Thun Nisim Thuthang ah chief editor U ThunPhe, Kachin minam makaipi Duwa Zaw Lun, U Than Maung (Bamar/Muslim), Saw YanDee (Kayin, Christian), Pu San Dui (Chin), U MaungMaung Khin (Kayah, Christian) te in Thukhenzumpi ah mawhpaih (thu bawl) theih nading in lai khia (siau) uhi.
1961, August 17, a (5) veina Innpi khawmpi a ni (3) ni in U Nu in Bohdah biakna pen Gambup biakna ah ciamteh nading 1961 gambup thukhunpi (a thumveina puahphatna) ah hong sung in, a thukim 219, a langpang 15 le a kaigawi 1 tawh hih thukhun hong kikipsak hi. Tua khit ah August 26 ni akibawl Mipi Innpi le Minam Innpi dawlnihte khawmpi ah a thukimpih 324, alangpan 28 tawh kikipsak leuleu hi.
September 25, Gambup biakna pen Bohdah biakna cih thukhun in biakna dangte a sukkhak loh nading in thukhunpi (a 4veina puahphatna) ah thu hong sung leuleu in thukimpih 310 tawh kikip sak leuleu hi. Hih puahphatna huhau in “Bohdah biakna pen Gambup biakna ahi hi” cih (a 3 veina puahphatna) bangin a koihsuak nuam Lutol kipawlnate le Lutol pawlkhatte in lungphona nei ngeingai leuleu uhi.
U Nu in mimal tam amau Kawlte ultung sak in, mimal tamna tha tawh mimal tawm mualmite zawhthawhna in thu vaihawm theihna Arna a hong ngah taktak ciangin Duwa Zaw Sai makai in Kachin Christian te in 1960, October 25 ni in Kachin Suahtakna Pawl (Kachin Independent Organization/KIO) hong phuan in galkap thautawi (Kachin Independence Army/KIA) minpua in Kumpite langdo hong kipan pah uhi.
Hih bang in mualmi/tualsuakmite le Kawlmite liangko kikim, kideidanna omlo ding ci’n suahtakna lak khop nading makaite kamciam kipiaknate, thukimna letmatte pen hong kipelh ta asuak hi. Hi thu pian zawh asawt lo, 1962 March kha 1 ni in Galkap (Gen. Newin makai) te in gam-uk thuneihna U Nu le apawlte khut tungpan sut khia uh a, Lumlet Council (TawLanYay Council) ci in March 2 ni kipan in gam-uk ding hong kipan uhi. Nidang in a khangto, Asia sahangno akici, ankhing tuikhing a kham Beelpawl gam pen kum 30 bang a hong sawt tak ciangin a zawng pen le tualgal asawt pen gam hong suak hiau hi.
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Lai-at: Tg. Nang Khan Lian
Etkak laibute
1. U LaNan Bawk, TaiYinTar Kachin Lumyo Mya ih Eihmyat Ko ThuhSit Chyin (Kachin Pyinee Phit Paw Lar Pong). (Kawllai)
2. 1947 Constitution, Union Of Burma.
3. TanWinHlaing, Myanmar Naingan Dwin Cinpah Kheh daw YwekauhPwe mya Ko SitTan Thoh Cih Chyin. (Kawllai)
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