Zomi Nam Ni , Zomi Phun ni

<p> ZOMI NAM NI ( Tangthu uk velvel, thuman deihte adingin)</p><p><br /></p><p>-The Last KamHau_m Kingdom Empire (or) Zogam Empire.</p><p>-The Last Zomi King Pu Pum Za Mang</p><p>-He is rule became Kam Hau Kingdom in A.D 1924 to 1948.(Zomi te in Empire nei ih hihi.)</p><p><br /></p><p>👉2014 Kum Col.Khem Za Moong inn ah Siamsin te Interview na ah Pu Khen Za Mung in "Ka neu a kipan1945 kum don eimi cih bek om,Zomi min omlo hi"ci in ahai vai thu khat na gen hi.Tua pen ama muh na leh ama theih na cg bek ahihi.</p><p>*Milian khem peuh mipil hi lo hi.Mi pil khem peuh zog mitei khin hi lo hi.Mitei khem peuh zog miciim khin hi lo lai hi.*</p><p>Tua aman lo thu pen Zomi alangpan pawl ten tha ngah mah" uh hi.Amah pen Pasian hi lo hi,ei te mah bg in mihing khat leh nidang in kawlte sawltak GalkapBo lui khat bek hi lel hi.Minam tang thu cih pen Minam a it mah" te bek in thei hi.Amah pen Minam it pawl hi lo hi.Bg hg hiam ?Azi na ngawn Zomi hi lo hi.Zogam ah zog om lo hi.Tua bg mi te kia ah Minam vai na dot dg uh hi lo hi. Galvai tawh ki sai na dot zawh dg uh hi zaw hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>👉A.D 1925 kum pek in Ukpi PumZaMang in KamHau Upadi (ကမ်ဟောက်ဉပဒေ) lai abawl na sung ah Zomi cih kam mal pen na zang khin zo ahihi.</p><p><br /></p><p> Note:(Sukte Ukpi te in,amau beh min khat sang in Zomi cih minam bup min pen thu pi sak zaw hi ci in gen na na nei hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Copy/paste hi ei.</p><p>Zomi Nam Ni tangthu leh Zomi His</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFZ4GNn4HGdofGPM6I98-BkD5WS_-ePct_dssfExxV3c7W_Bk-cwjqKE3c5h3CdAvTr4QydMsVXzTjXYD6K0fQN7uTdyk6iXIZVy3vP2CdWAGswI0gdXIPcP9-5p7BEl97C-O3BwjI033IjT26zraOLWPLpY8eLPBBWPOQiXSJaPPChraUBhSJIn_8cQ/s960/FB_IMG_1677102692070.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFZ4GNn4HGdofGPM6I98-BkD5WS_-ePct_dssfExxV3c7W_Bk-cwjqKE3c5h3CdAvTr4QydMsVXzTjXYD6K0fQN7uTdyk6iXIZVy3vP2CdWAGswI0gdXIPcP9-5p7BEl97C-O3BwjI033IjT26zraOLWPLpY8eLPBBWPOQiXSJaPPChraUBhSJIn_8cQ/s320/FB_IMG_1677102692070.jpg" width="240" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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History Zomi Nam Ni , Zomi Phun ni

 ZOMI NAM NI ( Tangthu uk velvel, thuman deihte adingin) -The Last KamHau_m Kingdom Empire (or) Zogam Empire. -The Last Zomi King Pu Pum Za...

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Christmas tangthu

<p>Christmas pen kumsim in ki zang den a,ahi zongin bang kumin kipan a,bang gamah ki zang masa pen a,Christian masa ten bang danin na zang uh hiam cih pen telcian ding haksa mahmah hi.</p><p>Christmas pen Jesu suahni pawkna hi a,a hun leh ni pen theih haksapi suak hi.Clement of Alexandria(AD 200) in Jesu pian ni pen May 20 ni hi ci-a.De Pascha Computes(AD 243) in March 28 hi a ci hi.Hippolitus(C 170-C 236) in ahih leh December 25 hi a ci hi.Theih dan kibang lo tampite lakpan Dencember 25 ni pen a man pen dingin ngaihsun uh hi.Hi lian hi cihna a om loh hangin AD 354 in Pope Liberius makaihna tawh Rom ah zat kipan uh hi.</p><p>A tunga ih gensa mah bangin Christmas zat kipatni lian theih ding haksa mahmah a,Rome Bishop nihna Telesphorus in Bishop ahih lai AD 137 in Christmas hun zatding dan hun ngelna bawlin tua vai leh mawhsakna tuamtuam hangin thu nei kumpi tungah kihek a,martar-in a nuntakna bei hi.Tua ciangin AD 300 in Christmas hun bawl ding ngelna nei in,Bishop Paulinus in Italy gam Nola,Campino khua ah na zang uh ahih manin hih te pen Christmas hun bawl kipanna tangthu te ahi hi.Hih pen Calender lui mahmah Rome pan a kibawl Philocalian Calender 336 AD in kipsakna a bawlna uh pan a kithei ahi hi.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYl5H6tZ9J_0UXWALbYFkiOCKke08WT-6XT6YEp-6Dd4NxEvM5KAIzBsY6aqV_sFirW-ddjnmYN2e0DIZKnKBi4cEHyW7TwgoXY367Ytu7pO0_r7F3q0OW3M76bApttpOX0BS_GhwE4jjToGEalMwRNvw3pyJK_nIjKMFhKinoo3XZD__jVD2E3vmVw/s900/FB_IMG_1674245714878.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="600" height="58" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYl5H6tZ9J_0UXWALbYFkiOCKke08WT-6XT6YEp-6Dd4NxEvM5KAIzBsY6aqV_sFirW-ddjnmYN2e0DIZKnKBi4cEHyW7TwgoXY367Ytu7pO0_r7F3q0OW3M76bApttpOX0BS_GhwE4jjToGEalMwRNvw3pyJK_nIjKMFhKinoo3XZD__jVD2E3vmVw/w75-h58/FB_IMG_1674245714878.jpg" width="75" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Christmas pen leitung buppi in buaipih uh a,minthang vangvang hi.Biakna tuamtuam ten pawi thupi ki nei ciat a,ahi zongin Christmas sanga min nei zaw leh a minthang zaw pawi dang om lo hi.Tua in a nungta Pasian vang liatna,a thupitna leh a lian pen ahihna kilang khiasak hi.Amen!</p>

History Christmas tangthu

Christmas pen kumsim in ki zang den a,ahi zongin bang kumin kipan a,bang gamah ki zang masa pen a,Christian masa ten bang danin na zang uh h...

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Chin State Khuapi Falam pan Hakha ah ki tuahna thu~ Dr Vum Son

<p>Haka in Zogam khuapi angahna (or) Zogam khuapi Haka ah akituahna tawh kisai mimal kingawhna leh kimawh sakna zong om zeuhzeuh hi. Atheician pawlkhat omding a, atelcianlo zong ki-om theiding ahih manin hong suaksak hi-ing. Pu Moong (Col. Khen Za Moong) nangawn in hihvai tampi nagen lo hi. Banghang hiam cihleh tuahun laitak in amah hihvaisai pawl ah nakihel lo, mundang ah na om ahih man ahi hi. Hihvai ah mawhsak nading tawm mahmah khading hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Zomi sungah atheitel zawdeuh Dr. Vumson in Zogam khuapi Haka ah akituahna thu Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong laibu tungtawn in ana thukikna, manlo asakna Manglai tawh nagelh hi. Hih anuai-a lai pen kei mimal muhna hilo in Dr. Vumson gelhbang a Zolai tawh alemthei bangin hong letkik hi-ing:</p><p><br /></p><p>(Dr. Lian Hmung Zakhong in alaibu sungah, “Haka pen Mangkangte hong tuncil a kipan Zogam khuapi (nisuahna lam) hongsuak hi,” ci-in gelhmawk ahih manin tuatawh kisai thuhkikna lai honggelh hi-ing.)</p><p><br /></p><p>Kei theih batna ciang ah Haka pen 1964 kum masiah Zogam khuapi suak ngeilo hi. Tuathu honggelh suk ning. Mangkangte’n Zogam honglak ciangin Thangmual ah phualsat masa uh hi. Sihzang leh akim apam teng hongzawh ciangun amakai galkapmaang Gen. White kici pa’ min tamsak in Thangmual pen Fort White naci uh hi. Tua Fort White pen Sihzang kual sungah om hi. 1892 kumin Sihzang leh Tedim lam ukpi makaite kipawlin honguk Mangkang Ulian Carey nasuamsawm uh hi. Tuavai ah mapangpite in Kaptel pan Thuam Thawng leh atapa Pau Dal, Heilei pan Khan Dal leh Sihzang ukpite ahi uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Amau tengin Carey tungah hongpai in letsong hong pianuam ung ci-in nasam uh hi. Ahih hangin akiciam ni un Carey pen atungsiahte’n mundang paiding nasawl ahih manin amah tangin Zakhai mi (Arakanese) Myo-Ok hong paiding cihiau hi. Asuamdingte inzong hih Myo-Ok pen Mangkangte’ ading nasem mikhat ahihciang suam veve ni ci-in khensat uh hi. Tua ciangin Lusei, Haka, Tlasun, leh Zahau ukpite zasak uh a, amau zong na thukimpih uh hi. Tua misuam na huhau-in Mangkangte in aphualpi uh Falam ah tuahto uh a, Zogam khuapi nasuak hi. Tualaitak in Zogam (Chin Hills District) pen Tedim, Falam leh Haka gamteng huam hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Zogam galkapte in Falam ah kiphualsat uh hi. Tua galkapte lakah vaite leh tualmi kihelh zau-in omkhawm uh hi. Tualsung mite hong zakhan masiah amaikai zalian zawdeuh te pen Mangkang te vive mah nahi uh hi. Falam ah azalian pen Deputy Commissioner ciang ahi hi. Falam ah Laito, Sikkhau zum leh Palik lente kilam hi. Tua ahih manin Falam pen 1892 kumpan in Zogam khuapi nasuak hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Kawlgam suahtakna ngah ciangin Matupi, Mindat, Pakokku khawksung a om Kanpetlet leh Arakan gam a om Paletwa te Zogam ah hong kigawm hi. Hihteng kigawm pen ‘Chin Special Division’ nakici masa a, akhuapi dingin Falam mah na kizang hi. Zogambup makaipi (Minister of the Chin Affairs) pen Mindat panin Pu Vumtu Maung hi-in, amah pen Falam ah tulo in Zangkong (Rangoon) ah kumpi uliante tawh omzaw hi. Zogam ah Menzi papen Falam ah om in ki-ukna vai atamzaw ama thuneihna nuai-ah kikoih hi. Tuakhit (AFPFL Party pan) teelnangah Kawlgam kumpi khutnuai-ah Pu Sing Htang leh Pu Za Hre Lian te in Zogambup makaipi hongsem leuleu uh hi. Amau zong Zangkong mah ah omzaw uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1958 kum ciangin AFPFL party te hong kitamh in pawlnih hongsuak uh a, Stable AFPFL te in mitam ngahzaw uh hi. Tua manin Haka tualsuak Pu Ral Hmung pen Zogambup makaipi hongsuak hi. Makaipi asuahphet in Zogam khuapi Haka ah tuah dingin thu napia hi. Akituah ma-in Gen. Ne Win in thei ahih manin nang thu in tawpnuam zawmaw, ken hong tawpsak zawding naci lian hi. Tua cianign Pu Ral Hmung zong amathu in tawppah a, Zogam khuapi zong Haka ah kituah nawnlo phot hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Gen. Ne Win in 1962 kum ciangin aana hongluah a, Zogam makai ding zong adeihdeih hong teelpah hi. Zogam makaipi dingin Major Son Kho Lian nateel hi. Pu Son Kho Lian inzong Zangkong tawh kizopna alemthei pending, Kale-Kabaw-Myttha–Gangaw kuamteng tawh zonglah kiphakna alemtaang pending ci-in Kawlpi (Kalaymyo) ah zum nakoih/naphualsat hi. Tua ciangin Kawlpi a teeng Kawlte pawlkhat in Ne Win kiangah ‘Kawlpi pen Shan-le-Kawlte’ khua hi, Zomite’ a hilo hi’ ci-in nakhia uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>U Ne Win in meeting sampah a, tualai ah Pu Son Kho Lian leh makai pawlkhat, Kawlgam saklam galkap phualpi pan alian pen Colonel Lun Tin, alian nihna Colonel Van Kulh, Chin Council Secretary Pu Tuang Hmung, Secretary nihna Pu Ngun To te kihel uh hi. Tua Meeting ah U Ne Win in Pu Son Kho Lian kiangah Zozum pen amun dangah natuah dinguh deih ing ci hi. Tua banah nawngkai salel ing, (Kawlpi losiah) koikoi ah natuah zongun phamawh sakeng ci hi. Tua ciangin Pu Son Kho Lian leh apawlte inzong koilai ah tuahleng lempen ding hiam ci-in hong khinkhai uh hi. Pawlkhat in Kawlpi saklam Webula ah tuahleng ci hi, pawlkhat leuleu in Zogam leh Kawlgam gamgi Gangaw lamah tuahleng ci uh hi. Tua Meeting manciangin Col. Lun Tin in Pu Son Kho Lian kiangah lunghimawh ngaihsut kei-in hih hiat hiat lel in, hih putekpa (Ne Win) pen alungsim hong kikhel kik lelding hi ci-in hehnem hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Col. Lun Tin zong agalkap phualpi ahi Mandalay atunzawh tawlkhat khit ciangin mundangah vazin hi. Tuakal in Col. Van Kulh in Pu Ngun To tawh naki gulluk in ‘banghun ciang Zogam khuapi Haka ah tuahleng lemding hiam’ cih nageel sim uh hi. Van Kulh leh Ngun To pen Haka tualsuak tuak ahi uh hi. Tualeh Col. Lun Tin leh Pu Tuang Hmung akhualzin hun uh hong kituak khageih hi. Tualian leh, Van Kulh inzong amau galkap phualpi panin Kawlpi Zozum ah sikkhau saat (Telegram) pah in, Haka ah Zozum natuah un ci-in thupia hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua sikkhau angah phet in Ngun To zong atungsiahpa omloh kal ahih mah bangin amathu in asun azan cilo in Zozum Haka ah natuah phangphang pah hi. Tuahun pen Zogamah khualzin gamvakna ahaksat pen hun tuuklai tak ahi hi. Col. Lun Tin in tuathu atheih ciangin Kawlpi sikkhau saatpah hi. Tua sikkhau lai pen Ngun To in nasel cip in, Zozum kituah amansiang dong kuamah lak lo hi. Col. Lun Tin inzong bang hangin Zozum Haka ah kituah hiam cih kantel/sittel dingin hong kipan hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tualaitak Kawlgam lokhawh singpuak nalam vaisai (Agricultural Department) te golhguk vai-in mindai uh a, tuavai ah Col. Lun Tin zong kihelkha citciat hi. Galkap sungpan Col. Lun Tin kikhawlsak ahih manin Zozum vai (Zogam khuapi kituahvai) zong kikan nawnlo, mitcip suak hi. Hihbang teng hangin Haka in Zogam khuapi ngahkha a, Zomite in ipu ipate Shan te tawh anateen khopna gamnuam kikhahsuah taanlawh ta hi. Athupi pen ah, tuahun masiah Haka ah Zozum kituah lo banah, Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong gelh bangin Mangkangte hong tuncil pan Haka pen Zogam khuapi asuak hi peuhmah lo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>(Pu Lian Uk in azenzen in Van Kulh in hibangin phalna omlo pi-in Zozum tuahsim leh khalna Daan kipia loding hiam hong ci hi. Tuapen Col. Lun Tin galkap sungpan kitawpsak keileh Col. Van Kulh in Daan tuak hamtang ding hi cih ka um hi. Kamphatna tawh Daan tuaklo bilbel hi. Banghang hiam cih leh Col. Lun Tin kitawpsak ahih man hi.) Written By, Dr. Vumson.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1vUcqrat70idFc1sNNWxL1RpXia8yqUwLO3mBd9EsgX79QRQTG2IJ-57XEK1QMgfA0hrJoFtX_e26sXU-CY5v0_Vzv8tVt3KuDt8vr2hewyUCztGf3JxR0mzcpEVj2rmPzGSN9UUC7ulkaxw6jkRuEK1oOOxcfIAICdBn_P-wTl3JOGT8lpuQaI7xrw/s1080/FB_IMG_1665005595953.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="439" data-original-width="1080" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1vUcqrat70idFc1sNNWxL1RpXia8yqUwLO3mBd9EsgX79QRQTG2IJ-57XEK1QMgfA0hrJoFtX_e26sXU-CY5v0_Vzv8tVt3KuDt8vr2hewyUCztGf3JxR0mzcpEVj2rmPzGSN9UUC7ulkaxw6jkRuEK1oOOxcfIAICdBn_P-wTl3JOGT8lpuQaI7xrw/s320/FB_IMG_1665005595953.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>

History Chin State Khuapi Falam pan Hakha ah ki tuahna thu~ Dr Vum Son

Haka in Zogam khuapi angahna (or) Zogam khuapi Haka ah akituahna tawh kisai mimal kingawhna leh kimawh sakna zong om zeuhzeuh hi. Atheician ...

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Tedim pau hong pianna thu kuppihna

<p> TEDIM PAU HONG PIANNA KUPPIHNA</p><p>Tedim kam hong piankhiat zia kuppihna</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi83Ct0ia4i2M-c78f0txWhvSWEAlvgDWjBQwz19613otB168rUbSfPJYFAXM73UGi3OU01_nsgoX_-KfBzyg_Wd_OCTbU3oB7ZFanoZ8uRZrBf8PQRe3dz2CWQWCUGjJ2sOy0GExfrYBqohuJCiuGU0SCvNWALmpd-UcnPk1wZBUSL3CQubFor658eUg/s498/Dr.%20Jame%20Suan%20Za%20Dongh%20(%20Donghno).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="486" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi83Ct0ia4i2M-c78f0txWhvSWEAlvgDWjBQwz19613otB168rUbSfPJYFAXM73UGi3OU01_nsgoX_-KfBzyg_Wd_OCTbU3oB7ZFanoZ8uRZrBf8PQRe3dz2CWQWCUGjJ2sOy0GExfrYBqohuJCiuGU0SCvNWALmpd-UcnPk1wZBUSL3CQubFor658eUg/s320/Dr.%20Jame%20Suan%20Za%20Dongh%20(%20Donghno).jpg" width="312" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Dr James Suan Za Dong MB,BS., D.O. Sydney, Australia</p><p><br /></p><p>Kampau in hong kinai sak in, hong gawm khawm aa, minam khat ong suak sak hi. Pau om masa lo-in minam om thei lo hi. Minam kician khat i hih nadingin, pau, athupipen khat ahi hi. Tua ahih ciangin, i taang pau, i Tedim pau bangci bangin ong piang khia cih i theih ding thupi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Mi pawlkhatte-in “Tedim pau pen, Tedim ah i teen khop ciangin pau nam tuamtuam kigawmna pan ong piang khia hi “ ci-in agen, lai aa a-at uh i za, i sim kha zeelzeel hi. Hih pen athupi mahmah Tedim mi nampi khat ii taang-pau, i common dialect, i Tedim pau, hong pian khiatna taangthu laai-gil hi aa, zaangkhai laak lo-in, limtak ngaihsunin i etcian phat ding thupi kasa hi. Tangthu siksanin, logical, theithei dingin i enpha ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Pau tuamtuam azang minam tuamtuamte ateen khopna panin taang pau, lingua franca, khat ong pian khiat theihna dingin anuai aa thu nihte lak ah khat zawzaw hang ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>I. Pau tuamtuam kigawmna panin pau thak nam khat, taang-pau common dialect in ong piang khia ( evolved ) thei hi. Hih pen haksa mahmah ban ah sauveipi, kum a-tulin akiteen khop, khit ciangin damdamin piang thei bek hi. Piang mengmeng nawn lo hi</p><p>II. Pau tuamtuam kigawmna panin a thahatpen khat, taang-pau ong suak thei hi. Amasa sangin hun tomzaw tham la hi. Tu mahmahin zong piang piang lai hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>I. PAU TUAMTUAM KIGAWMNA PAN PAU NAM KHAT HONG PIAN KHIATNA</p><p><br /></p><p>‘Tedim ah i ten khop ciangin pau tuamtuam kigawmna panin Tedim pau hong piang khia hi’ i cih ciangin, “pau-kee tuamtuam, (Teizang, Saizang, Sihzang, Zou, Guite, Thado pau, ctp.,(cihtepawl) kigawmna pan, a-om ngei nai lo, kam-pau thak (Tedim pau), hong piang khia tawm, ‘evolved,’ hi “ cih nopna ahi hi. Ahi thei ding mah hiam?, akizuun mawk hiam? limtak i enpha ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Bang ci bangin pau nam tuamtuam kigawm khopna pan kam-pau thak nam khat, evolution, tawh hong piang khia tawm thei hiam cih i theih masak kul hi. Hih pen piang mengmeng lo-in, hun sawtpi kisam hi. Mang pau, English, hih bangin ong piang khia ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>English pen Germanic peoples ahi, Angles, Saxon, Jutes, Frisii leh Franks-te ban ah Latin pau azang Roman Empire mite tawh Migration hun lai aa kipan kum tul nih dektak sung ki hel zau-in ateen khopna pan un hong piang khia, evolved, kam pau thak, English language, ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hih mite kum tampi sung ong om khop zau uh ciangin 5th Century panin 11th Century dong, ( kum 600) khit ciangin Old English ong piang khia zo pan hi. Tua khit, Middle English pen 11th pan 15th Century dong ( kum 400 ), tua zawh ciangin 15th pan 17th Century dong ( kum 200 ) khit ciangin Early Modern English hong piang pan aa, tuni aa ki zangh Modern English pen 17th Century pan tu ciang , kum 300 val bang hun saupi la hi. A vekin, tua pau nam tuamtuamte kigawmna pan kum 1500 val khit ciangin, tuni aa kizangh English pau piicingtakin, hong suak khia, evolved, zo pan ahi hi. (History of the English language, Wikipedia Encyclopedia; Cecigani Fousto 1981, Mallory, JP 2005 and Simek, Rudolf 2007 te ki-etkak )</p><p><br /></p><p>Hi bang aa hong pian khiat theih nadingin ateen khop hun lai-un, sumzuak-sumlei, trades, leh Roman galkap sung ah nasepna cihbangin kihel-kigawm khopna hoih mahmah nei uh hi. Lai zong nei khin uh hi. Pau kigawm theih nadingin, trades, sumzuak-sumleina athupipen khat ahi hi. Tua bang hi napi, Angles, Saxon, Jutes, Frisii, Franks leh Latin mite pau kigawmin pau thak nam khat ahi, English, piicingtak aa, ong pian khiat nading kum 1500 val kisam mawk hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua ahih leh, Tedim ah Zomite i pau tuamtuam kigawmin pau picingtaak khat ahi, ‘Tedim pau’ hong pian khiat nading zah dongin bang tanvei Tedim ah i teeng khawm ngei hiam?, i ‘suulzuih’ ding hi</p><p><br /></p><p>Ciimnuai aa kipan tu ciang, hun thumin i khen ding hi. 1. Tedim kisat maa, (Pre-Tedim); 2. Tu-maa aa Tedim, ahk.(ahih keh),Tedim Masa (Former Tedim), 3. Tulaitak aa Tedim (Today Tedim) ci-in khenin i en ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1. Tedim kisat-maa : ( Pre-Tedim ) : Hih hun pen, Ciimnuai i teen lai 1569 kiim [ Dr E H East-Burma Manuscript, page 123. (1400 kiim a-ummawh zong om hi )] pan Tedim Masa akisat 1750 kum ( pawl khatte’n, 1600 ) sung teng ahi hi. Ciimnuai ah khang giat akiteen khit ciangin mun tuamtuam ah ki lal khia hi. Tu aa Tedim khua mun pawlteng ah nidang pekin, Thahdote, Vaipheite, Guite, Ganghte, Thawmte, Kawmte, mun tuam ciat ah hun tuamtuam sungin nateeng ngei uh hi. Tual gal om hun lai ahih ciangin, khat leh khat kikihta-in teeng khawm lo uh hi. Khuangzang, Sekzang, Phuaizang leh adang mun tuam-tuam ah na teng uh hi. Tedim kisat maa, Pre-Tedim hunin i pau ki gawm lo hamtang ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>2. Tumaa Tedim ahk. Tedim-Masa : ( Former Tedim ) : Hih pen Tedim kisat pan kipan, Mangkang kumpi-in Tedim ahal ciang sung teng ahi hi. ‘Tedim’ ci aa min aphuak Thadote Guite hi dingin tangthu kan pawlkhat-in um uh hi. Bang hanghiam cih leh, ‘Te’ cih pen Vansangdim bual tui-in nitang lengin ‘te’ cihna hi in, ‘dim’ pen Thado pau-in ‘bual tui’ cihna ahih ciangin, Tedim min Thado-te phuah hi dingin um uh hi. Thadote-in zong tuni dong mah, “Tedim, ko khua hi” ci liuliau lai uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Guite Pu Gui Mangin, na sat in Tedim na phuak hi zong kici hi. Zote Pu Em Do in zong sat ngei aa mi dang zong om lai hi. “Khukpi, ko Thawmte khuat hi” ci-in a-angtanpih zong om taleuleu hi. Hih hun sung ii atuung, earlier, lamin kiteeng zeel ahih hangin gal leh sa hangin, ki lawi zeelzeel hi. Anunung lam, later, hun ciang bekin hoih takin kiteeng khawm pan hi. Ahih hangin Mangkang kumpi-in ong hal ciangin hih Tedim Masa ong bei leuleu hi. Zomi kuamah teeng nawn lo in Mangkang kumpi-in hong la hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hih Tedim Masa hun pen (i) Earlier Former-Tedim leh (ii) Later Former-Tedim ci-in i khen ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>(i) Earlier Former-Tedim : Tedim-Masa ii atuunglam, 1750-1840 : Hih pen,Tedim kisat pan kipan, Pu Kam Hau, Pu Mang Gin leh Pu Khoi Lamte ( atomin, MKK ) makai-in ong uk maa hun teng ahi hi. Tedim kisat maa hunte mah bangin, gal leh sa tam lai ahih manin kiteeng suak zo lo-in kinusia kik zeelzeel hi. Tua ahih manin, “Tedim ah tap kuavei kiluak hi” ci-in khangluite-in na gen uh hi. Teeng suak zo lo-in giatvei na lal uh ahih ciangin, Tedim-Masa ii atuunglam, Earlier Tedim hun sungin zong i pau-te kigawm lo ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>(2) Later Former-Tedim : Tedim-Masa ii anunung lam, (MKK)te-in ong uk hun, 1840-1889 : Hoihtak leh nuamtakin khuapi lian khat asuah dong Tedim ah amasapen akiteen khop hun ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1800 kiim pawl aa kipan Tedim ah tawmtawmin kiteng kik aa, gal launa hong tawm-zaw ta ahih manin, kilawi nawn lo-in khang to semsem hi. Ahih hangin Pawi gal, Meitei gal ki lauthawng lai simsim ahih manin, Falam gam Dalang hausapa, Pu Khuangceu tawh akimeltheih, Pu Kam Hau, Tedim hausa dingin Mualbem pan kizol aa, 1840 kum aa kipan Pu Mang Gin leh Pu Khoi Lam-te tawh (MKK) ong makaih uh ciangin Dimtui vang khua, inn 300 val aphak dong ngaihmuangtakin Tedim ah kiteng khawm hi. Hih pen minam-kee tuamtuamte Tedim ah kihelzau-in ngaihmuang-takin i ten khop amasapenpen hun ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Ahih hangin kum 50 bek sawt hi. 1889 kum ciangin gamkeek Mangkang kumpi-in Tedim haal ( Dr Desmond’s Kelly’s Burma Campaign, page 29 ) ahih manin kinusia-in, ‘Dimtui vang khau-inn 300 val, Tedim – Masa (Former-Tiddim) hong beileuleu ta hi. Tedim khua anunungpen akilawihna ahi hi.</p><p>Hih hun tomno, kum 50 sung bekin i pau tuamtuamte kigawmin Tedim pau khat hong piang tawm, evolved, thei lo ding hi. Banghang hiam cih leh ei sangin, atamzaw, sumzuak-sumleina leh lai anei khin, aki helzauzaw, Europe gam mite nangawn kum tul nih dektak ateen khopna sung uah, Mangpau-aluui, Old English, hong pian nading bek nangawn kum 600 val kisam hi. Tua nangawn, apiicing Mangpau, English, hi nai lo lai hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>I pau-kee tuamtuamte kigawmin pau nam khat, Tedim pau, hong pian khiat nadingin kum 600 sangin sauvei la zaw kaan lai ding hi. Bang hanghiam cihleh, trades i nei kei hi. Lai i nei kei hi. Amimal mahmah i tawm hi. Kum 50 sung bek kihelzau-in Tedim ah i teeng khawm ngei hi. Tedim-Masa ii anununglam, MKK hun, kum 50 sung bekin, pau nam khat piang khia thei lo ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>3. Tu-aa Tedim hun : ( Today-Tedim ), 1910 pan tuni dong : A nihveina nuamtak i teen khopna : Gam-keek Mangkang kumpi-in Tedim ong haal ciangin Tedim masa ong bei-in kum sawm nih sung Tedim ah Zomi ateeng om lo-in kinusia hi. 1891 kumin Tedim hong la (KBC), aa, hong tonpih uh anasem Gorkhate, Kala sumbuk bawlte leh Sen inn lam thei khutsiamte bek na teeng uh hi.Tua hunin Tedim ah Golkha pau leh Urdu pau bek kizang hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tu laitak aa i Tedim khuapi ( Today Tedim ) ah, 1910 kiim aa kipanin Zomite tawmtawmin kiteeng kik panpan hi. Tua Zomite,  Teizang minam-kee Pu Pau Za Kam, Saizang minam-kee Pu Gin Thual, Pu Thang Langte, leh Khuano minam-kee, Pu Thawng Cin ( tawmvei khit ciangin, ciah kik ) te Tedim ah nateeng masa uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p> Lamzang pau ( Lai i neih ciangin Kamhau pau kici ) na zang hi. Pu Pau Za Kam, Teizang pau, Pu Gin Thual leh Pu Thang Langte, Saizang pau, Pu Thawng Cin, Khuano pau na zang ciat uh hi. Tua zawh kum thum, 1913 ciangin, Lamzang pau ahi, Kamhau pau tawh Zolai ki bawl hi.( anuai ah acingzaw-in) Hih kum thum hun sung bekin i kigawmna pan pau athak, Tedim pau hong pianglo ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua hi aa, Tedim ki sat maa aa kipan, Tedim Masa (Former Tedim) hun nih sung ahi zongin, Tuni aa Tedim ( Today-Tedim) hun sung ahi zongin, i pau tuamtuamte kigawmin Tedim Pau hong pian, evolve, theih nading zahin hun, mun leh thu om ngei lo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>II. PAU TUAMTUAM KIGAWMNA PAN AHATPEN TAANG-PAU HONG SUAHNA:</p><p><br /></p><p>Tu aa ih taang-pau ‘ Tedim pau’ thu i gen ciangin, Lamzang thu gen loh phamawh hi. Banghang hiam cih leh, i taang-pau, Tedim Dialect, pen akhanglui mahmah Lamzang mite pau-awkaih ahi hi. “Lamzang aphat lai-in inn 700 ciang pha in Guite Pu Mang Sum in Ukpi sem hi. A sialkong aa asuan mawng kung tu-in po lai hi” ci-in kum 87 apha Pu Lo Za Khen leh Pu Thang Khen Cinte-in Rev Thang Khawm Pau tung ah 23.05.2014 ni-in a interview-na ah gen uh hi. Tedim inn 300 aphak ma pekin, Lamzang inn 700 na pha khin ahih ciangin, akhanghaam mahmah khua lian khat ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Lamzang pen Geeltui tawh ki khan-gual himhim dingin ki-um hi. A mite zong, Teizang, Saizang, Sihzang, Zou, ctp.(cihtepawl); tawh Ciimnuai hun lai pekin a om khinsa, Lamzang minam-kee ahi hi. Tangthu aa kigen, Phucil leh Nan Tal zong Lamzang ah na teng uh hi. Nan Tal asih ciangin a zi, Nei No (Ni No zong kici) in la phuak aa,: “ Nan Tal na han tualzaang ah ee, Sialcing naupang lam nalingling ee//, Nan Tal nong lam ding sang ee “ (Rev. Dr Go Za Kham kiangpan) Hih hun lai pek aa kiphuak lamalte i et ciangin tuni aa Lamzang pau mah na hi khin hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hun khat lai-in Lamzang Hausa Pu Thang Go Guite in a zikik leh a tate nih tawh Losau khua (anihveina) na sat hi (Zomi Encyclopedia- Sia Pum khan Nang) Losau pen Lamzang khua gei hi aa, amite zong Lamzang pan mah ahih ciangin, Lamzangte/Lamzangte Losaute mah ahi hi ( Pu Lo Za Khen 23.05.2014). Tua ahih manin, khanglui, upa mite-in, Lamzang awkaih azang, Anlang, Gawng, Kansau, Lailui, Ngennung, Thangkhal, Tonzang, Tuithang, Suangsaang, ctp., ‘Losau mi – Lamzangmi’ na ci uh hi. ( Pi Ging Zen, No. 1, Pu Vum Tual,. No. 2, Page 6 leh Pu Dam Khupin agen, atupa, Pu Kham Go Pau zakna bang, Pu Kham Zen, ctp. …. )</p><p><br /></p><p>Lamzang pen awkaih akibatpih, Anlang, Gamlai, Gawng, Lailui, Mauvom, Ngennung, Ngalbual, Taaklam, Tonzang, Tuithang, ctp., khua 30 valte sung ah akhangluipen, a-uhaampen, abulpi, aphungpi ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Losau-Lamzang mite amimal limlimin tam, (khua 30 val) hi. A awsuah uh neem hi. Teitangin navaak uh hi. Mi pawlbawl siam uh hi. Kipawl khawm thei uh hi. Thu khual uh hi. A pau uh thakhauh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>J H Cope Topa 1910 kumin Tedim hong tun khit ciangin “ Zolai hong bawlsak ding aa aki pat, hunin Kam Hau uk kici i gam sung ah pau nam 10 val bang na om khin hi. Tuate-in: Teizang, Khuano, Phaileng, Guite, Paihte, Dim, Saizang, Zou, Thahdo, Hualngo, cihte ahi hi. ( ‘Tedim pau tawh Zolai ki bawl cilna’ Pi Luan Za Cing )</p><p><br /></p><p>Zolai aki bawl ding ciangin, siahkai tingteng, Thahdo, Zou leh Paihte hausa gukte-in Tedim khua sung aa kizangh pau tawh bawl ding adeih uh ciangin, (Pu Ngul Lang’ Diary), Cope Topa-in Tedim khua sung aa kizangh pau tawh hong bawl sak hi. Tedim khua sung ah bang pau kizangh cih, i en ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tedim kiim teng ah Gawng, Lamzang, Lailui, Ngennung, Thangkhal khuate leh, Lamzang tawh awsuah akinaipen, Saizang pau azang, Teklui, Lailo, Tualzang, Sezang, leh Saizang khuate-in Tedim uumcihin om diimdiam uh hi. Tedim pen Mangkang Vuandok zum omna leh sumbuk om masakna khua ahih ciangin, vanlei ding, vanzuak ding, zum vai leh apai, ahawh mawkmawk dingin hih khuate panin ki nilehin nisimin Tedim nawksuk-nawkto uh ahih manin, Tedim khua sung ah Lamzang pau leh Saizang pau akizangpen pau ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua hun, 1910 kiimin Kamhau Uk sung ah, Tedim Pau cih om lo hi. ( Atung ah, Tedim pau tawh Zolai kibawl cilna.) Om hi leh, na kihel hamtang ding hi. Tua ban ah, Mangkang kumpi-in, i ngeinate hong kem suak sak lai-in, siahtung-siahphei zong hong pia sakin, Kamhau upadi zong hong zang sak lai ahih ciangin, ‘Tedim Pau’ om hileh, ‘Tedim Dialect’ na ci ding hi. Tua tham lo-in, Tedim aa omte-in zong na deih, na kal ding uh hi. Om lo ahih manin, Tedim khua sung aa kizangh Lamzang pau tawh Zolai kibawlin,‘ Kamhau Dialect ’ na kici hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Pau-kee tuamtuamte lak pan Lamzang pau hong thahatpen hi. Tu-ni aa i Tedim khua sung ah akizang masapen pau khat ahi hi. Cope Topa-in Tedim khua sung ah kizangh Lamzang pau tawh Zolai abawl ciangin, Lamzang mi, Gawngmual khua Sia Cin Lang in na huh hi. ’Kamhau Dialect’ ci-in saang ah kisin sak ahih manin official dialect, hong suak aa, zum lai leh laipai khempeuh Kamhau pau kizangin, i gambup ii taang pau hong suak hi. Tua hun lai-in Kamhau gambup pen tu aa Tedim gam, Tonzang gam leh Kansau gamteng khempeuh ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1948 kum, Independence i ngah khit ciangin, hun hong kikheelin ‘Kamhau’ cih sangin damdamin, i gambup a-uk Vuandok zum omna, ‘Tedim’ hong minthang zaw semsem aa, Subdivision hong suah ciangin ‘Tedim pau’ ci-in ong nung-pian ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>’Tedim pau’ cih kammal, tangthu tawh i et ciangin, 1948 khit ciangin damdamin hong piang hi pan aa, khangmoi mahmah hi. Kamhau Gam ii pau-in Kamhau pau ahih mah bangin, Kamhau, Tedim tawh i laih ciangin, ‘Tedim pau’ zong ‘Tedim Gam bup ii, i taang pau ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Et kikna : 1. Earlier part of Former Tedim hun : Kiptak kiteeng lo-in, ‘tap kuavei kiluak’ hi Tap kuavei ki luak ahih ciangin giatvei, gal kitai hi ding hi. I pau kigawm man lo ding hi. 2. Later part of Former Tedim hun : kum 50 sung bek nuamtakin kiteeng khawm hi. Kampau khat kum 50 sung bekin, evolve, thei lo ding hi. 3. Today-Tedim, (Tuni – aa i Tedim), hun : Tedim akiteen zawh kum thum ( 1910-1913) khit ciangin, Kamhau (Losau) pau-in lai i nei hi. Kum thum sungin, Lamzang, Saizang, Teizang pau pan pau nam khat piang khia, ‘evolved’ lo ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hih teng i et cing dimdem khit ciangin, ‘Tedim pau’ i cih, pen, akigen mawkmawk bangin “Tedim ah i teen khopna pan ong piang khia pau hi phiingphiing lo hi. Ciimnuai laipekin a-omsa, Lamzang pau hi aa, Phucil, Nan Tal, Nei No-te zong Lamzang pau-in la na kiphuah khin uh hi. (Neino-in Nan Tal a la phuah)</p><p><br /></p><p>Lamzang – Lamzang minam-kee thu, ka tuah khak ngei thu nih :</p><p><br /></p><p>1. Ka neu lai, Tuu-aa Tedim (Today Tedim) ah inn 30 val bek ka phak lai-un, hong peemta, Pi Ging Zen pen numei pilvaang, tangthu-tuanthu athei mahmah nupi khat ahi hi. Amuiciai ciangin, ko Tedim naupangte ong phin thei zeel aa, “ Hei, Tedim naupangte, kiphasak kei un, Lamzang mi ka hi uh! Tedim bulpite ka hi uh maw ! ” hong ci thei zeel hi. Ni khat, Ginpi (Kim Khua Gin) leh ‘NaSuan (Nang Za Suan) hehin “ Lo nei beek kei uh teh; na huan uh lah sau pet kei “ acih uh leh suang tawh deen hong sawm mawkin deel zeenin ka tai keek uh hi. A mau Suangsaang khua pan ong peem uh hi aa, awkaih pen, Lamzang i cih te ahi hi. Tedimte’ bul, ‘Lamzang hi’, ci hi. ‘Tedim pau ii abuipi Lamzang pau hi’ zong, aci hipah hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>2. 1948 kum, Independence ih ngah khit ciangin, Tedim gam ah amasa pen Party nih mee tawh kiteelna om aa, tua hun laitakin Pu Vum Tual Tedim hong pai khat tawh kituak hi. Ka pa, Gin Thual, tung. “ Hih pen Thu Hoih Vaihawm Pawl ( THVP ) leh Khamtung Suahtak Vaihawm Pawl ( KSVP ) kiteelna hi aa THVP te pen Lamzang mi – Lamzang mite-in panpih zawdiak in tua lo tengin KSVP panpih uh hi. Kei zong Lamzang mi hi’ng. Ahi zongin ke’n ka mee-tang ……- te pia ning” ci hi. ‘Losaumi ‘ akicih ciangin, suang tawh deen ong sawm pi Ging Zen’ khuapih sa-in kihta sim pian pah ka hih manin ka mangngilh thei ngiat kei hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Vum Tual pen Kansau khuate hi aa, Lamzang pau awkaih azang khuate khat ahi hi. Tapidaw suak masa, a khua ah Pawlpi keem sia hi-in Tedim ah Sangmang F O Nelson tawh ki mu dingin hong pai sialin ko inn ong tung den hi. Mite thudot, tangthu aciing mi pil khat zong ahi hi. Kansaute Lamzang mi hi ci hi. Kansaute pau zong Lamzang pau hi aci zong hi pah hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Thu khupna:</p><p><br /></p><p>Tedim ah i teen khopna panin pau tuamtuam kigawmin Tedim pau hong piang khia tawm hi lo hi. ‘Tedim’ kici kammal a om maa, Ciimnuai hun lai pekin ‘Lamzang  mite pau’ ahi hi. 1910 kumin Tedim gam sung aa pau nam sawm a kiciamtehna sung ah ‘ Lamzang pau’ om hi. Tua Lamzang pau Zolai akibawl 1913 kum ciangin, ‘Kamhau pau’ ci-in min kilpia hi.1948 kum nunglam ciangin hun hong kikheelin, damdamin ‘ Tedim pau’ ci-in kikhel leuleu hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Mailam ah hih i ‘Tedim pau’ pen ‘ Zopau ‘ icih hun zong hong tung lel ding hi ci-in ka um hi.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Dr James Suan Za Dong</p><p>MB,BS., D.O. Sydney, Australia</p><p>C/O~TGtuangpy=KyawShwe</p>

History Tedim pau hong pianna thu kuppihna

 TEDIM PAU HONG PIANNA KUPPIHNA Tedim kam hong piankhiat zia kuppihna Dr James Suan Za Dong MB,BS., D.O. Sydney, Australia Kampau in hong ki...

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Tedim kam hong pianna ( Tedim pau hong pianna)

<p> Tedim kam hong pianna thu(Tedim pau hong pianna thu )</p><p>~ Rev. Khoi Lam Thang</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgizIooBelcDWvQjaAVzzPouWvnGjqPIZjzOlM9J3hKkkegC3rjifnV2qZoYG_3kgv1_u8WmPMI8LHh_Tf-NAx8UGUCFqjxf5Ya5kKjLJ8SrJajJdyxjNDCfGHCA-o3hAEazOPe-ndJ_LXRF-Yuht66j7fY2D4QBrKBqAXi0sC231arhx0wvDDx5UM7hQ/s719/Sia%20Khoi%20Lam%20Thang.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="719" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgizIooBelcDWvQjaAVzzPouWvnGjqPIZjzOlM9J3hKkkegC3rjifnV2qZoYG_3kgv1_u8WmPMI8LHh_Tf-NAx8UGUCFqjxf5Ya5kKjLJ8SrJajJdyxjNDCfGHCA-o3hAEazOPe-ndJ_LXRF-Yuht66j7fY2D4QBrKBqAXi0sC231arhx0wvDDx5UM7hQ/s320/Sia%20Khoi%20Lam%20Thang.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>[Rev. Khoi Lam Thang pen Tedim gam, Cingpikot (Keizang) khuami khat hi a, tulaitak in The Bible Society of Myanmar ah General Secretary a seplai tak a hi hi. Falam Zomi Theological College pan Dip. Th, India Clark Theological College pan B. Th, Yangon Myanmar Institute of Theology pan M.Div., Yangon University of Distance Education pan BA (Philosophy), Thailand Payap University pan MA (Linguistics), Singapore Trinity Theological College pan M. Th cihbangin laitan sangpi leh Degree tampi azokhin khat ahihi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Zomite Zo leitang tungah Khristian I suah zawh kum 100 a cing hita hi. Khristian biakna in kum 100 sungin Zomite aniam mah mah mihinzia pan hong khaisang-a, a sangpente tawh hong kikhawlsak thei hi. Zomite I zia I tong, I ngeina, I khuasakziapawlkhat kinusia, pawlkhat kibehlap-in pawl khat kikemcing hi. Tuate sungah Zokam leh Zolai pen Khristian biakna in hong kepsak hong khansuah sakin hong zunsak hi. Tua a hih manin Zomi Khristian kum 100 mualsuang ah hih thu a ngaihsut taak mah mah ahi hi. Zomi bup kampau thu tangzai mahmah ahih manin”Tedim kam” ci-in neuseek sukin a nuai-a thulute tawh kikum leeng:</p><p><br /></p><p>1. Tedim kam khanggui sutna2. “Tedim Kam” cih min i ngahna3. Tedim kam “Taangkam” a suahna4. Tedimkam kantelna5. Tedim kam nungta i cingam diam?6. Mailam ah i Tedim kam</p><p><br /></p><p>1. TEDIM KAM KHANGGUI SUTNA</p><p><br /></p><p>Leitung mihing awn 6,000 valte in kampau nam 6,908 bang nei hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Kawlgam sungah mihing awn 50 valte in pawunam 135 bang kinei a, Zomite’ pau 53 om hi ci-in Kawlgam kumpi in hong ciaptehsak hi. I Zogam neuseksek sawm leeng nam 100 val om dingin ka um hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Leitungah hizah a tam kampau tuamtuamte a guigui, a behbehin kikhen dimdiam hi. Kampau lam a siam (Linguist) David Bradley thukanna siksan le’ng i Tedim kam khanggui (Language family) a nuai-a bangin kisut ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Sino-TibetanTibeto-BurmanNorth-eastern india GroupKuki Chin NagaKuki ChinChinNorthern ChinTedim</p><p><br /></p><p>2. “TEDIM KAM” CIH MIN I NGAHNA</p><p><br /></p><p>Min thu gen-in pan ni cileng thukhupna a om thei nailo a buaihuai mahmah thu khat ahi hi. Zomite in kum 100 sungin minam minkip neizo nai lo hi hang. “Chin” leh “Zo” peuh kisut kituh lai-in zattaang theih ding kampau nei nailo hi hang. Hi bang bilbial kawmkalah “Zomi” a kici phadiakte in ” Tedim Kam” cih min i ngahna thu a nuai-a bang hidingin ka um hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Sangmangte hun lai-in “Kamhau Dialect” na ci ngei uh a, Kampau a kan mi masate in “Sukte” ci-in zong na minvawh ngei uh hi. Tua minte in tua hun lai-a ukpite’ beh min ahih kei leh ukpipa min ahi hi. Ukpite’ thuneih lai-in a mau bangkua sung pau na thupisak mahmahin gambup zat dingin thu na pia hi leh “Teizangkam” kipau ngeingai kha ding hi. Gam uk makai masate thukhualna leh picinna ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>“Tedim Kam” cih pen midangte hong sapna hi loin ei le ei i kisapna min (egonymn) ahi hi. Pu le pa min khatpeuh a kitap hilo a, a te-dimdim “vansang dim” omna mun a kisat “Tedim” khua kitap (eoconymn) min ahi hi. Tedim khua pen 1550 kumin kisat hi cih tangthu kante’ ciaptehna ahi hi. Ahih hangin kilalsan zel kisuan kik zek hi. 1850 a kipan-in tuni dong tatsat loin kiteng a, ei Tedim mite khuapi ahi hi. Tedim khua ah i teng ngeikei phial zongin Tedimmi cih ding a angtanpih ciat i hi hi. Tedim khua ah hunkhat lai-in Teizang, Saizang, Thado, Vaiphei, Guite, leh Zo kampaute in “tual” khat zangin kitengkhawm hi, Tua bang a, pau tuamtuam tenkhopna panin pautuam khat hong pianga a nungciangin “Tedim kam” kici hi. A neituam kuamah om lo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>3. TEDIM KAM “TAANGKAM” A SUAHNA</p><p><br /></p><p>Hun khat lai-in Tedimgam i cih pen tu-in Tedim, Tonzang leh Cikha gamkhen (Myone) suakta hi hang. Tua sunga teng Zomite leh tua gam pan Kawlgam Vaigam a tung Zomite in i taangkam leh (common language) dingin “Tedim kam” zangkhawm theita hi hang.A mual a lui zui-in i awkaih tawmtawm kilamdang-a, ahih hangin kamphen kulloin kihothei hi hang. Tua a zang khawm thei kampau innkuan dungah Sihzang, Thado (Kuki), Zo, Dim, Guite, Khuano, Losau, Phailengm, Saizang, Teizang, Val leh Vangteh paute kihel hi hang,</p><p><br /></p><p>Tedim pau “Taangkam” a suah theihna thu kampau lam pan, tangthu lam pan, gamdung leilupzia pan a tuamtuam kan leng a hang tampi om kha ding hi, I gensa bangin ukpite in a mau kam bek kizang ding na ci uh hileh ” Teizang” pau ki pau kha ding a sangmangte in a mau siam masak mah na thupisak hileh Sihzang pau kipau kha ding hi, Sangmangte in vai lian pi khat a angaihsut uh khat in pau nam tuam tuam a nei minamte pau nam a tawm thei pena gawmsak ding ahi hi. Tuabang hun lai-in Mangkang kumpi in hong uk a, Khamtung gam ah Zo lai tawh pilna sin ding hong vai hawm uh hi. kampau kigawm theite bang kampau tawh “Laisimbu” gelhsak ding cih thu lianpi khat hi leuleu hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua ahih manin 1919 kumin Tedim vuandok zumah Tedim gam hausa lianteng kikhawm uh a, gambupah Sihzang pau zat dingin thu kisung hi. Tua ciangin Thado kampau Hiangzang khua hausa Pu Zam Khaw Thang, Zo kampau Phaitu khua hausa Pu Khan Thawng, Saizang khua hausa Pu Zaang Khaw Lian, Paihte kampau Tuimui khua hausa Pu Mang Za Thang, Haiciin khua hausa Pu Tual Pum-te in Sihzangkam a teltheih loh lam uh pulak hi. Ahi zongin Tedim, Ngennung, Haupi, Gawngmual, Leilum, Lezang, Tongsial, Lamzang,Laitui, Mawngken, Kahgen, Taklam, Tonzang, Tungtuang, Anlang, Gamlai, Khuaimual leh Seitual khua hausa te kuamah a pau a ham omlo uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hih bangin Tedim gam sungah Tedim kam pen taangkam hong suak hi. Cope topa in 1919 pan 1938 (a sih) dong khasim thukizaksakna lai a na bawl lai-in “Tedim kam thukizakna lai” na ci hi. Sang laisimbu hong bawl sak hi. A nung ciangin T=Tedim pau eima pau” ci-in khangthak naupangte i awng ziahziah hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>4. TEDIM KAMPAU KANTELNA</p><p><br /></p><p>Kawl leh Vai kikal-a om Zomite in kampau tuamtuam i nei hi. Kampau lam a kantel mipilte in tangzai takin hong kansak nai lo uh hi. Ei Tedim kampau zawdiak pen Mizo pau, Hakha paute zahin hong kikansak nailo hi. Tedim kam a pau mite sung pan Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau, Rev. Hau Go, Pu Gin Za Twang, Siapi Vul Za Thang, Sia Pau Cin Thang, Rev. Paul Thuam Thang leh ZCLS a kipan kampau a kin, a siam tampite in kanin na gelh ngei khin hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Minamdang kampau siamte sung pan hong kantelsak mi tamnai lo hi. Kei theihphak tan ah:</p><p><br /></p><p>1904: George A. Grierson: ” Linguist Survey of India”1925: L.B.naylor: “A practical handbook of Chin Languages (Siyin dialect)”1965: Eugene J.A. Henderson: Tiddim Chin: A descriptive analysis of Two texts”1965: Ono Toro: “The Reconstruction of Proto Kuki Chin: Initial Consonants”1979: David B. Solnit: “Proto Tibeto Burma in Tiddim and Lushai”1989: Peri Bhaskararao: “The process of Chimming in Tiddim Chin”1996: Peri Bhaskararao: “Computerized lexical database of Tiddim Chin and Lushai”1998: Weera Ostapirat: Tiddim Chin tones in historical perspective”.</p><p><br /></p><p>I Tedim pau pen a kampau ei Tedim mite leh a pua lam pan kampau siamte in kan khawm-in, laigelh-in i puahpuah i zunzun ding kisam hi. I tuntunna pan i kampau maizumpih lo-in hong dong a om leh lungsau takin genpih ding kisam hi. Sia Lian Bawi (Siapi Lian Khan Mang) in Japan pan gam a pai lai-in Ono Toro kiangah na genpih ngei a, Dr. Dal Lian in Bhaskararao kiangah na genpih ngei hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>5. I TEDIM KAM NUNGTA I CI NGAM DIAM?</p><p><br /></p><p>Kampau dinmun (vitality) a tuamtuam om hi. Kawlgam ah Pyu minam leh Pyu pau beimang ta hi kici hi. Leitung kampau pawlkhat beibei-a pawl khat kipan khangto semsem hi. I Tedim kam nungta hi ci-ngam taktak ding hiam? Kampau nungta ih cih te a ki puahpuah a ki zunzun hi a, a kampau neite in it mah mah uh hi. A kampau uh khum sa-ngaungau uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tu laitak Tedim mite 70% bang bekin Tedim kampau dingin ka um bek hi. Kawlgam leh Vaigamate in pau tuamtuam peuh nuam i sa zaw a, Kawl lak a Zo khangno te bangin kawlkam kawllai leh kawl TV khawng bek tawh hun kibei hi. I thungaihsutna nangawn kawl-khuak tawh kingaih sun hi. Kampau i pau sunsun bangkua sung bek hi a, sangkil kitantan lo hi, Biakinn sung bek hi a, biakinn huangpua kantan lo hi. Hibang kampau dinmunte “Muribung” kici hi. I kampau it-in, i kep tinten kei leh beikuan manawh kampau ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>I Tedim kampau zong “meidawi”mahmah hi ci-in ka ciamteh hi. Mizo, Hakha leh Falam pau khawng ei pau sangin ” suahngal” zaw hi. Kampau ameidawite a suahngalzaw kampaute in damdamin sung khumkhum dinga, a sawt lo-in valh ding hi. I kampau maizumpih kei ni.</p><p><br /></p><p>Zolia tawh kisai-in, Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau tungtawnin Zotuallai nam nih i nei ngei hi. Tu in i zatna toi semsem a, minam vangil khat banga kep ding din mun hi ta hi. Lai hihna (malgawm) tawh Mualtung thuhilhna zong na khen ngei uh hi. Sangmangte tung pan i ngah Mangtuallai (Roman alphabet) tawh laisimbu i neih zawh kum 91 cingta hi. Lai ih gelh ciangin lai-malgawmzia leh awsang awniam thu-ah i kumkum lai hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Cope topa’hun a kibawl Zolai tan 4 ciang nangawn tu-in i nei nawn kei hi. Zolai tawh laibu kibawl tawm mahmah a, i neih sunsun zong Biakna lai bek ahi hi. Laibu i bawl ciangin “Pawlpi sung a zat ding” cih lai suang sawnsawn lai ihih manin i laibu a thatthat ihi hi. I leitung huihnunzia ahih manin tua lampi bek a nei ihi hi. Zolai i cih pen Lai Siangtho sim nading, Labu ettheih nading, Pawlpite thukizaksakna lai sim nading leh laikhak nading bekin kizang lawmlawm hi. Leitungthu vangtungthu theihhuai a tuamtuamte Zomite in a theih nadingin Zolai a kizat hun hong tung takpi tam! cih ngaih sutsut huai ka sa hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Kampau nungta te in huihkhua in huihkhua tungtawnin Radio, TV leh tulai Cassettee, CD leh VCD te tawh theihhuai thute khahkhia ziahziah uh hi, Ut hunhunin mun khempeuh pan a kampau uh kingai thei hi. Cik hun ciang i tunna peuhpeuh pan i Tedim kam i ngaih theih hun hong tung zen tam!</p><p><br /></p><p>6. MAILAM I TEDIM KAM</p><p><br /></p><p>Nam citawmte ihih hangin i kampau mangthang ngei nawn lo ding hi. Ahi zongin a khanton henhan ding lamet om lo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Kumpi ki-ukzia kikhello-in, tulai khuahun mah tawh maban i zopzop lai leh kawlkam in gam hong kekek dinga Tedim kam in sangkil kan zo nawnlo semsem ding hi, I theihloh kalin thozo nawnlo in, i phawk khak ciangin zekai lua ding hi. Khuahun hong kihei-in Kawlgam Vaigam-a om Zomite in gam lenam a ding vaihawmkhop hun hong tun leh lah Mizo kam hong innteek mahmah dinga, khangnote in sin-in mun khenpeuhah kipau ding hi. I Tedim pau bel khanglo kiamlo, si lah nungta-in omthei ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua kawmkalah ei Tedim kampau innkuansung pan i kinensuah sawnsawn leh i huang hong toi semsem dinga i theihloh kal-in mite huangsung i tung ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hi thei hileh Kawlgam Vaigam-a om Zomi a kici khempeuh in Mangkam i taangkam dingin zangkhawm mai le hang, kum 30 sung bang i buaipih phial zongin manlang takin hong khantohpih thei pen dingin ka um hi. Taangkam dingin Mangkam i zatkhit ciang i nampau ciat i keptheih bangin i kem ding am kuamah kinawknawk se lo-in khat le khat kithupisimna tawh i kalsuan leh i minam khangto thei pan ding hi. Minam a khantoh leh i kampau mangthang ngeilo ding hi. Rev. Khoi Lam Thang</p><p><br /></p>

History Tedim kam hong pianna ( Tedim pau hong pianna)

 Tedim kam hong pianna thu(Tedim pau hong pianna thu ) ~ Rev. Khoi Lam Thang [Rev. Khoi Lam Thang pen Tedim gam, Cingpikot (Keizang) khuami ...

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Pu Tun Ngaih Lian tangthu leh Tuimang khua tangthu

<p> Pa Tun Ngaih Lian tangthu</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg64qhqxta_h6z1E9VkBzAC_O73M8Cd1WdCn85-_1cDqWvYUbF5jSKw3exY55vph4_mt7Se2UXeNOXv0zHfrWV-W0YR35hzAHEr15k1XaAFT4b7G1p4GiBO0Xjv2B5P8xbtSsXzdQiyQfEpoj45XWSM8CqpCX7uUorPtEgMQUppKt1eamomu_8r3Qge/s719/Screenshot_20220513-163704_Facebook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="719" data-original-width="719" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg64qhqxta_h6z1E9VkBzAC_O73M8Cd1WdCn85-_1cDqWvYUbF5jSKw3exY55vph4_mt7Se2UXeNOXv0zHfrWV-W0YR35hzAHEr15k1XaAFT4b7G1p4GiBO0Xjv2B5P8xbtSsXzdQiyQfEpoj45XWSM8CqpCX7uUorPtEgMQUppKt1eamomu_8r3Qge/s320/Screenshot_20220513-163704_Facebook.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Jan. 15, 1938 kumin Tuimangkhua ah suak hi. Pu Vial Langh leh Pi Niang Zen (Neihkhup beh) sungpan in piang hi. A pian pih sanggam te</p><p>1. Tual Dam azi Awl Za Cing, Ning Zen (Suankhup)</p><p>2. Thawng Khan Thang azi Ot Heh Cing, Ngai Khaw Lian (Neihkhup), Khai Khua Cing, leh Ciin Khan Cing</p><p>3. Cin Nang azi Luan Khua Man (Siahliap)</p><p>4. Tun Ngaih Lian azi Vial Zen Cing (Suante, Manghil pawng)</p><p>5. Nem Ngaih Cing apasal Gin Lian Cin (Guite)</p><p>6. Hau Khan Cing apasal Go Kam (Guite)</p><p>7. Nem Sial Niang aneu lai in si</p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Tun Ngaih Lian tangthu</p><p><br /></p><p>A neu lai in Sial cing hi. Kum (10) aphak ciangin sang kah hi. 1958 kum in Zampi (SPS) sangah zo lai tan (4) ong hi. Tuimang khua ah private sang ah tan 1-3 ciang kihongin ong to pah hi. Tan (2,3) kum khatin ong to hi. Tuimang khua mipan tan (4) a ong masa pen ahi hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>1957 April 25, ni in Luangel lui ah Rev. Khual Do in tuiphum hi. 1959 kumin Manglai tan (7) kng hi. Tuimang khua mipan tan (7) ong masa pen a hihi. Tan (7) a ongh khit ciang Yangon ah pai in Tuimang khua ah zolai tan (4) leh PAT hong pia un ci in MP Mang Cin Khup tungah a nget ciangin, tua ahih leh nang party tavuan na la in la, Tuimangkhua na tun ciang Sang na hon pah in ci in vaikhak hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tuimang khua a tun ciangin sangnau pang ding inn zot in Sang hongin, sangkah kipan to pah hi. Sanginn pen Mangbuk (Tu a TBC pawlpi te Jacob tuikhuk) a hi hi. A sawtlo in Tedim ah Sia meeting om a, Tuimang khua ah June 1, 1959 ni in zolai tan (4) hong ing ci in ( အစီ္ရင်) a ခံciangin, tua tawh kizui in, Tuimang khua ah June 1, 1959 kumin Zolai tan (4) sang a ngah a hihi. A mah zong tua ni akipan nasep a ngah pai suak a hihi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Tua khit a sawtlo in Siapi Ngul Za Thang Tuimang khua hong tung a, amah tawh kum khat Mangbuk Sia Quarter ah km khawm uhhi. Tua khit asawtlo in Sanginn mun ding Pu Sawm Khawm Thang (Hausapi, Siapi Langh Khan Suum pu) leh khua uk Dam Kam tawh a mau thum in, Sanginn mun ding zong kawikawi uh a, Pu Sawm Khaw Thangin ko innmun lui hoih lo ding hiam a cih ciangin ki thukimin kipsak uh a, tua pen tu a Sanginn kilamna mun mah a hihi. Tua hi in Sia Tun Ngaih Lian in Tuimsng khua pan zong kumpi sangsia a sem masa pen a hihi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1960 kum ciangin SPS, Thongzang khua ah ki khin hi. 1961 kum ciangin SPS Tongciin ah siapi tavuan khan in kum (1) sung om hi. 1962 kum ciangin Tuimang khua tung kik hi. Tuimang khua ah asep sungin(လလသသ) kanteng lai at in om a, Sangsia sep tawh thuahkhawm hi. Kanteng lai at asep ciangin Cikha a Myo uk Kham Khan Pau in a khuakhua ah motor lampi ding lamvat hawmsak dingin sawl a, Nakzang khua pan Cikha khua dong pi khau kai ngiatngait hi (tua hun lai in TADA cih om lo hi). A nih vei na Tedim ah (ရက်တိုသင်တန်း) dingin kisam a, စရင်း let dan ding sinin pai kik hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>May 5, 1958 ni in Tuimang khua, khualai veng a teng Pu Go Khaw Hau inn (tu a      te inn) ah khangno kipawlna ci in (ယဥ်ကျေးမူ) pawi a lah ding khangnote sin pih hi. (Hih ယဥ်ကျေးမူkhua in thei nailo in Sia Tun NgaihLianin Tedim a asangkahna pan alak a hihi.) Sialsawm pawl om laitak hi a, Tuimang khua sat zawh kum bangzah pha hiam ci in Pu Thuam Go tung ah adot ciangin, tua kumin tua lai ci in gatang kai aa, atuat ciangin (72) suah hi. Tua Pu Thuam Go tuatna pan Sia Tun Ngaih Lianin atuat ciangin A.D 1886 kumin kisat hituak hi. Tua hi leh 1886+100= 1986 kumin kum (100) cing hi. (Kum 100 mual tawh et kak leng kum 10 in kikai hi.) Tua hi a, 1996 kum a kum a kum za cin pawi kibawl pen Pu Kam Hau ukna alet kum a hihi. Laipi san kum zong a hihi. Pu Dong Khup hausa sep kum zong a hihi. Tua ma in Falam uk, Tonbik uk sungah ki om lai hun a hihi. Tua ma 1896-1886= 10 sungin Pu Tei Thangin Tuimang khua ah hausa sem in, khuasat hi cih ki mu khia hi. Pu Tei Thang hausa sep sungin Luangel tawh gam kituhin lo lai ah an zong kituh uh a, buktau tung pan kisawn pai uh cih tangthu in kigen hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Tua hun lai in Luangel lui pen Pumpeng lui ki ci in Luangel khua ah Let Thang in sem a, a sanggampa Za Kulh in Tuahzawl ah hausa sem a, Ngulkhal in Dalkhai ah hausa sem hi, cih Pu Sun Sing tung panin Sia Tun Ngaih Lian in za hi. Tua ahihmanin Luangel khua min tam in Luangel lui a ki ci ahihi. Luangel te khua tangthu bawlna sungah zong om hi. Luangel khua in Kam Hau uk asuah nangin Sial zabo khat tawh kitan ung, ci lai uh hi. Kam Hau uk asuah ciangin Pu Thong Za Khup in 1889-1904 sung hausa sem hi vi in Sia Thawng Ngo Thang khua tangthu atna sung ah om hi (Luangel khua sat 21.9.1886).</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua hi in Tuimang khua tawh asat kum kituak lian hi. Pu Hau Cin Khup in gamvel dingin apai ma in lam na sual un la, Sial na khih hen ci in thupia sak aa, Pu Tei Thangin "Sukte loklaw maimai ka bia lo ang" ci in Sial khit lo in, lamzong sial nuam lo hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Hau Cin Khup atun ciangin a inn phuksak in, Pu Tei Thang Bapi ah tai hi, cih tangthu ah kigen hi. Falam gam​ a uk Tonbik khit ah a tapa Thang Cin Lian in ukpi sem hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Tei Thang khuasat atan zawh lohna a hang pen 1917 kum in Piantit pai nading thu hong om ciangin atapa Pu Ro Thang kiang na pai kul ding hi a cih ciangin, ka luang uh tawh leitang leizo kei nung, a cih ciangin khuasat a tang zolo a hihi. </p><p><br /></p><p>May 9, 1955 kumin nau zaw innluah pan in u zaw innluah n ki bawl a, Pu Thual Dam in innluah hi. Pu Vial Langh 1955 March 1, ni in si a, Pu Thual Dam 1966 kumin si hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>April 15, 1962 kumin a zi Vial Zen Cing tawh Luangel Tuiphum biakinn ah Rev. Awn Za Dal in pumkhat suahna bawlsak hi. Tuimang khua mi sung ah Pasian min tawh Siangtho kitenna a bawl masa pen a hi uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Tun Ngaih Lian leh Pi Vial Zen Cing tate</p><p>Langh Khan Tuang aneu lai in si</p><p>Zen Khan Nuam (1992- L)</p><p>Langh Cin Thang (2003- L)</p><p>Ciin Khawl Siang apasal Kyi Tun</p><p>Thang Sian Muang azi Lian Thawn Cing(Australia)</p><p>Cing Don Vung apasal Hau Sian Kham (USA)</p><p>Cing Hau Niang apasal Thang Kap Pau</p><p><br /></p><p>March 10, 1966 kumin Tuimang khua Sanginn gei ah inn tuan khia a, sikkang tawh tuan in, Tuimang khua ah Sikkang tawh inntuan masa pen zong a hihi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1968 kumin SPS Taklam khua ah kikhin hi. April 26, 1969 kumin a pi Niang Zen in nusia hi. 1972 kumin SMS Laitui khua ah kikhin leuleu hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>1972 kumin Tedim Myo Lawibual veng ah teng hi. August 10, 1974 kumin EBC pawlpi ah lut uh a, April 4, 1977 kumin BAG pawlpi ah lut kik uh hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>1975 kumin SMS Lawibual  ah piang leuleu hi. 1983 kuminSPS Suangzang ah piang kik hi. 1984 kumin SMS Laitui ah piang kik leuleu hi. 1985 kumin SMS Saizang khua ah piang leuleu hi. 1986 kumin SHS No. 2 Lawibual ah piang leuleu hi. 1992 kumin SMS Laitui ah athumveina piang leuleu hi. 1993 kumin Laitui pan Service Pension tawh pension la hi. Sang sia kum (34) sung sem hi. ဝန်ထမ်းကောင်း sum Ks. 3000, pension tawh ngah khawm hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>June 20, 1992 kumin atanu Zen Khan Nuamin nusia a, 2003 kumin atapa Langh Cin Thangin nu sia leuleu hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>October 16, 1996 kumin BAG pawlpi ah piada (peon) dulman January 15, 2003 kum ciang kum (6) sung sem hi. BAG pawlpi sungah upa sep kum te: 1979-1982 ciang time khat, 1987-1992 ciang time nih, 1996 October kha dong Town Evangelist tawh thuahin Upa teel thumna ngah hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tun Ngaih Lian</p><p>March 25,2022</p>

History Pu Tun Ngaih Lian tangthu leh Tuimang khua tangthu

 Pa Tun Ngaih Lian tangthu Jan. 15, 1938 kumin Tuimangkhua ah suak hi. Pu Vial Langh leh Pi Niang Zen (Neihkhup beh) sungpan in piang hi. A ...

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Abraham Lincoln tangthu leh Abraham Lincoln sihna thu

<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQxvf1NK7USNo1BszXriXxSes4aRpglp9OcHxF4qQZ2YGyLLgML828GXW-rfC8uH_g9V2SaF9w1hhFakV8YAzTgbefF7OprWY0nOLKAlLizQ9mOOWja46tNYgdCoYSxYHLiZJQQtAlJ9hP/s620/FB_IMG_1607634942237.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="387" data-original-width="620" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQxvf1NK7USNo1BszXriXxSes4aRpglp9OcHxF4qQZ2YGyLLgML828GXW-rfC8uH_g9V2SaF9w1hhFakV8YAzTgbefF7OprWY0nOLKAlLizQ9mOOWja46tNYgdCoYSxYHLiZJQQtAlJ9hP/s320/FB_IMG_1607634942237.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />Abraham Lincoln pen a nop salua lo Innsung panin khang khia hi a, ham satna tampi tawh khang khia a hih mah bangin sang zong gina kah zolo hi mah leh laisim uk mahmah mi khat ahihii. Amah leh a mah laisin na (self-educated) tawh pilna zong in a mi suak, khua mu leh lungkia pah pah lo citak lungduai in tua bang in mipil et teh tak cing mi muan huai khat ong suak hi.<p></p><p><br /></p><p> March 4,1861kumin USA President(16) na gam makai pi dong ong suak zo a hi. A Pa pen Thomas Lincoln (January 6,1778 — January 17,1851)kum(73) dam in , a Nu pen Nancy Lincoln (February 5,1784 —October 5,1818)hi-in kum(34) dam hi. Abraham Lincoln, te Unau te in </p><p>(1)Sarah Lincoln Grigsby(February 10,1807 —January 20,1828)Kum(20). </p><p><br /></p><p>(2)Abraham Lincoln (February 12,1809 — April 15,1865)Kum(56).</p><p><br /></p><p>(3)Thomas Lincoln,Jr.(1812-1812)hi-in a mah nautum pen Thomas Lincoln,Jr in asuah zawh ni(3) khit teh ong nusia hi. Abraham Lincoln, pen USA President lak ah aki suamlum(assassinated)masa pen President a hihi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Abraham Lincoln,in March 4,1865 kumin U.S President term2 na sem thei dingin mipi te na tawh kiciam na bawl hi mah leh April 14,1865kum in Washington D.C a om "Ford's Theater ", sung a ki (actor) John Wilkes Booth, in 10:13PM hun in a nunglam pan thau tawh a kap napan in alu ong Liam in a zing ciang azing ciang April 15,7:22AM hun in ong nusia hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Abraham Lincoln, in a sih ding kal(1) ma in mang khat man a (White House)Inn Kang sung ah galkap khat kapkap in ,Lincoln in bang hang kapkap mawk na hiam ci-in a dot leh galkap pan Kumpi pa si ci-in gen mwk hi.Tua ciang in Abraham Lincoln,in misi puan lem to in a et leh misi mai pen a ma mai tawh na ki bang mawk hi. Lincoln in a sih ding a mang ah ki hil khol thei khol cih ding hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Lincoln, pen lungkiat na pan in hanciam kik ve ve mikhat a hihi.Lincoln sitni(lawyer)khat a hi William Herdo, in Lincoln, alung kiat mahmah hun(deep depression) ngah ngei hi ci hi.Lincoln pen August 25,1835kum in a Lawm ngaih nu a hi "Ann Rutledge",in dam loh na tawh ong nusiat ciang in Abraham Lincoln,pen ong tha nem in ong lungkia khia mahmah a Mississippi gun(Mississippi River) dung sing lak a amah guak vak vak mawk hi.Lawm te aw I lung akiat zenzen Leh Abraham Lincoln,zong a lung nakia ngei cih I phawk ding thupi kasa.Lincoln, pen ganhing it mahmah mikhat hi a sang beng, nga beng cih khawng ut lo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua bek tham lo in White House,om sung in zong Ui,Sakol bek tham lo Sai Aak, cih ganhing te na khawi hi.Abraham Lincoln,pen U.S President lak ah tu ni ciang ciang a tun a sangpen President hi a 6'4"sang hi.Abraham Lincoln,pen lukhu sau mahmah khat khu den hi a mipi lak ah pai leh zong ki lang pha deuh hi.Abraham Lincoln,in a kha mul pen President sep zawh a ki Lang nading leh a mel et Lawm sak ding ngiat ci in a hawi hi a,ka kha mul in vang zong ong neisak hi cihi.Abraham Lincoln,pen U.S President te lak pan in tuni ciang ciang bawl theih (invention)a nei a mah bek hi a,1849kum in Tembaw(Vessel) te ading in lam hilh tui teh na set (A Device for Buoying Vessels Over Shols)ong bawl khia hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Up na Lam ah ci leng Christian thu um mahmah mikhat hi napi in Biak Inn , pai ngei mel lo in Pawlpi zong nei se lo hi.A hih hang in thu nget hat mahmah in U.S tual gal(civil war) hunsung in khanglam gam (Southern UnitedStates)leh nitum na lam a hi(Western Unitedstates)te nakpi in ki do na ki Lang bawl na te,a veng theih nading in Topa kiang ah nakpi tak in thu ngen hi.Abraham Lincoln, pen a zi "Mary Todd", tawh a ki ten ma uh 1833kum in "Ann Rutledge ",tawh ki thei uh a Ann Rutledge , pen Lincoln tawh a ki thei ma un sumbawl khat tawh ki ngai in aki khen kik uh hi a Abraham Lincoln, tawh ong ki theih uh teh ong ki ngai mahmah uh a aki teng ding dong in a ki ciam uh hi napin lam et loh pi-in a Lawm Nu "Ann Rutledge ",in August 25,1835kum in dam loh na tawh ong nusiat ciang in Abraham Lincoln,in a cih nading theilo in ong tha nem in ong lungkia khia mahmah a Mississippi gun(Mississippi River) dung sing lak ah a amah kia ong vak zel in tua bang teng tawh November 4,1842kum in "Mary Ann Todd", tawh ong ki teng uh hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Abraham Lincoln (February 12,1809 — April 15,1865)Kum(56) leh a zi ✨Mary Ann Todd(Mary Todd Lincon)(December 13,1818 — July 16,1882)Kum(63) te,in in ta Pasal(4) ong nei uh hi.Tua te in 💫1.Robert Todd Lincoln(August 1,1843 — July 26,1926)💫2.Edward Baker Lincoln (March 10,1846 — February 1,1850)💫3.William Wallace Lincoln (December 21,1850 — February 20,1862)💫4.Thomas Tad Lincoln (April 4,1853 — July 15,1871) te hi uh a, a ta neu nih na a hi kum(11) apha pan William Wallace "Willie" Lincoln, in February 20, 1862 ni-in White House,Kumpi Innkangpi sungpan in ong nusia hi.Note*"U.S President sem te lak ah Kumpi Innkang Pi "White House",sung om laitak in a tate uh a si a hi 16th President, Abraham Lincoln leh 36th President, John F. Kennedy hi uh a John F. Kennedy tapa "Patrick Bouvier Kennedy",( August 7, 1963 — August 9, 1963)in a suah zawh ni(2) bek ong dam in ong nusia hi".</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua hi-in Abraham Lincoln zi Mary Todd Lincoln pen Abraham Lincoln, sang in kum(10) nau zaw hi-in a Innkuan sung uh pen up mawh sang nop khit tuak loh mawk hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua bang a hang in President Lincoln, in Inn a hawh leng la te tawh om khawm a thu ki kum khawm a om laitak in Mary Todd, in Coffee lum Lai tawh Abraham Lincoln,a mai na gal buah phei mawk hi . Tua bek hilo Mary Todd, in Aluu(potatoes) tawh zong na deng ngei ban ah a mai zong nasat ngei zel a hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Bangbang a hi zong in Abraham Lincoln, a ki suam lup khit zawh a zi Mary Todd, in a ki vui nading a han ah zong va Kha lo mawk hi.Tua a hih man in Lawm te aw leitung ah bang zah tak in sup leh bai na tampi I thuak zong in a tawp na dong I pai nading lampi thuak zawh gual zawhna leh it na tawh a tawp dong I pai zawh ding hanciam ni.</p><p><br /></p><p>Ei leh ei zong ki hu zo ding ban ah mite ading in zong phat tuam na I hih na ding leh Leitung ah hi bang mite mah daupai sawt Pi thuak zo thukhual leh gen bel in ki nei den zaw a ki mang ngilh thei lo in minpha ngah den zaw leh a vang uh tang den zaw a hi.Ei te zong et teh tak cing Pu Abraham Lincoln, bang in a tawp dong thuak zawh na cihtak na leh it na man tawh leitung a nungta🍀 ding hi hang 🕊Laisim mimal tung Lungdam</p><p><br /></p><p>Thomas Khenpi gelh hoihsa in, T3 Zomi Page ah laigual pawl khat lemtuah in kong koihkik hi.</p>

History Abraham Lincoln tangthu leh Abraham Lincoln sihna thu

Abraham Lincoln pen a nop salua lo Innsung panin khang khia hi a, ham satna tampi tawh khang khia a hih mah bangin sang zong gina kah zolo...

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Pu Cin Suan Mang tangthu

<p>Pu Cin Suan Mang</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAGJmhkYhO06YTaT8uBjrhCoRpQIXffUopBskvXh4IUQqZbb2EY7uhtuWQ9Dy-RWvkoDFpgGizXlo-oZZbwZ1krpw4ZRJzfkYCdU2pVMEHQSGoBZEB4EITEzs-NFQBnEU8UQpouOI0mOFl/s1280/Cin+Suan+Mang+Guite+NLD.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="1066" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAGJmhkYhO06YTaT8uBjrhCoRpQIXffUopBskvXh4IUQqZbb2EY7uhtuWQ9Dy-RWvkoDFpgGizXlo-oZZbwZ1krpw4ZRJzfkYCdU2pVMEHQSGoBZEB4EITEzs-NFQBnEU8UQpouOI0mOFl/w166-h200/Cin+Suan+Mang+Guite+NLD.jpg" width="166" /></a></div><br />အမ်ိဳးသားလႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ေလာင္း<p></p><p>NLD</p><p>တြန္းဇန္ၿမိဳ႕</p><p><br /></p><p>Pu Cin Suan Mang thutomno</p><p> Kei ka min Pu Cin Suan Mang hi a, 23 </p><p>May, 1971 kumin Falam khuapi pan Pa Gin</p><p>Kho Thang (Guite) leh Nu Kham Do Niang te sung panin ka piang hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Innkuanpih neihna:</p><p>2 March, 2009 in Rev. Dr. Thawng Za Mung (Naulak) leh Nu Ngai Khaw Dimte sung pan tanu Ngai En Cing (B.Th, B.A Psychology, </p><p>Post-Graduate Diploma in Applied</p><p>Psychology) tawh pumkhat suahna ka nei uh hi. Kazi in, Myanmar Biblical Baptist Church ah financial secretary leh Thangho Liando Mission ah managing manager a sem hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Pilna sinna:</p><p>Kawlpi No. (1) sangpi pan 1990 kumin tan 10  ka zo hi. 1994-1995 pilsin kumin Mandalay University panin B.A (Hitory) tawh sang kaman hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Nasepnate: </p><p>1. Yangon Directory ah 1996 kumin ka sem hi. </p><p>2. 1997-1998 kumsung Computer hilh in sia ka sem hi. </p><p>3. 1999 kum a kipan Myanmar Yes Co., </p><p>Ltd. (INNO group-Korea) ah computer </p><p>Department, Export/Import leh marketing department ah Manager panmun dong ah </p><p>semin 2018 kum Decemer 31 ni in kakhawl hi. Minsiatna omloin kum (19) sung kasem hi.</p><p>4. 2019 kum a kipan mimal hanciamna tawh Sian Phungvuh Co., Ltd. cih mintawh kipanin I gam I lei, I minam khantohna dingin nasep ka kipan kik hi.</p><p>Biakna lam ah kihelna: Pawlpi sungah upa panmun ka len hi.</p><p>Lailam nasepnate :</p><p>1. 1987 kumin Kawlpi khua ah ka lawmte tawh သံေယာဇဥ္ေႏြကဗ်ာ cih ကဗ်ာ (poem) laibu bawlin ka hawmkhia uh hi. Tuasungah kei gelh 3 zong kihel hi. </p><p>2. 1994 kum Myanmar Baptist Convention-MBC makaihna tawh Kawlgambup lai-at kidemna ah a (2) na ngahin 1995 kum, Zomi Baptist Convention (ZBC) khawmpi Khuasak khua ah pahtawina hong kipia hi.</p><p>3. Mandalay University aa Siamsinte hawm kalsim thuzaksakna ahi “Zingsol Kalsim Thu kizakna” ah Assitant Editor, Editor (1994-1995) dong ka sem hi. </p><p>Mandalay University pan Zomi Siamsinte </p><p>makaihna tawh a kibawl “Zingsol Magazine (1996)” ah Editor pawl leh laibu bawlpawl ah mapangin kasem hi.</p><p>4. Tedim sangpi kum (75) cin laibu bawlna ah Kawllai tawh kisai editor pawl leh pawi vaihawmpawl (Yangon) in maa ka pang hi. </p><p>5. Yangon khua aa kibawl Zomi namni kum (50) cin pawi bawlna leh magazine bawlna ah vaihawm pawlin ka pang hi. </p><p>6. 1999 kum Yangon Chin Directory-1999 ah pu Thawng Khaw Zam tawh maapang khawmin ka hawmkhia uh hi.</p><p>Kipawlna tuamtuam aa maapannate:</p><p>1. Zolai maasawn pawl (Zomi Literature and Uplift Society-ZOLUS) ah Editor le Secretary.</p><p>2. Zomi Literature and Culture Uplift Society￾ZOLCUS ah Assistant Secretary.</p><p>3. Chin Advocacy Network-Yangon ah CEC</p><p>4. Zomi National Council of Myanmar </p><p>(ZNCM) ah CEC </p><p>5. Zomi Media & Writers Association </p><p>(ZoMWA) ah Assistant Secretary</p><p>6. Zomi Zingsol Aitaang Thungen Pawl </p><p>7. Tonzang - Gungal Tapidaw Innkuan</p><p>(Yangon) ah Secretary (1999 pan tuni dong), </p><p>8. Guite Innkuan-Yangon ah Secretary (2004</p><p>pan tuni dong) sep laitak ahi hi.</p><p>9. Tuimui Tapidaw Innkuan (Yangon) </p><p>kipawlna panmun tuamtuam ah ma panna </p><p>nei hi.</p><p>10.Tuimui Grace Multi-development</p><p>Foundation kipawlna a phutkhia makai</p><p>pawlin ka kihel hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Cidamna lam kihelna</p><p>1. Tuimui Medical Trip (2020-March) ah </p><p>makai in ka pang hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Gamthu nasepna ah kihel khaknate</p><p>2005 kum a kipanin Zomi National Congress </p><p>(ZNC) party ah pawlmi kasuak hi. </p><p>Sepna neihnate </p><p>1. Central Committee ah ka kihel hi.</p><p>2. Party Sumkem leh pawl dang tuamtuamte </p><p>tawh kizopnate ka len hi.</p><p>3. American Centre ah Manglai sangkah </p><p>theihna dingin palai sem hi.</p><p>ZNC- ZCD party ading sepkhiatte sungpan </p><p>pawlkhat</p><p>1. 2005 pan 2015 kikal sung party I vaipuak </p><p>tampi kasemkhia hi.</p><p>2. ZNC party kipat kik ciangin Nyipidaw ah </p><p>party vai sepding bawlding kisam teng semin </p><p>(5) vei ka pai a, sum le paai bei khempeuh kei </p><p>le kei ka kisik hi.</p><p>3. Party kipat kik ciangin party min aa kihel </p><p>“ZOMI” cih minam min pen Kawlgam </p><p>huam sungah om lo hi ci in Union Election </p><p>Commission (UEC) in hong theihpih </p><p>nadingin ZNC leh Tedim Association (TA) </p><p>tawh nakptak ka na hanciamna uh hangin </p><p>tua i gengen (ZCD) pen Kawlgam kumpi </p><p>theihpihna hong piang thei ahi hi.</p><p>4. ZCD Party hong kipciangin zong sumkem </p><p>leh CEC panmunte ah thumantak tawh Zomi </p><p>leh Zogam aa dingin nakpi in mapangin ka </p><p>sem hi. Ahi zongin Zomi leh Zogam aadingin </p><p>ataangzai zaw-a mapantheih nadingin 22 </p><p>October, 2019 ni in ZCD party pan minsiatna </p><p>omlo in ka na khawl hi. </p><p>5. 11 November, 2019 ni in NLD-Tonzang ah </p><p>pawlmi kasuak hi.</p><p>6. ZNC party I phuangkhiat 2nd Pinlong vai ah thukimna lakna ahi Letmatthuh lak ah khatin </p><p>ka kihel hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Zogam ading ka sepkhiatnasate</p><p>(1) Tuimui khua sanginn pi adingin sabuai, </p><p>tutphah leh laibu tuamtuam aa ding USD </p><p>15,000 vaihawm sak hi.</p><p>(2) Dimtui Laibu Saal (Tedim) aa dingin USD </p><p>15,000 te American Thanzung-Yangon panin </p><p>ka ngahkhiatsak hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Gamdang paina</p><p> 100YearsAnniversary SiamCementGroup,</p><p>Bangkok, Thailand. (6- 8 Aug, 2013)</p><p> Strategic Economic Needs and Security</p><p>Exercise Program me (SENSE), Warsaw, </p><p>Poland. (Sep 1 – 9, 2012)</p><p><br /></p><p>Pilna tuamtuam Sinna le zawhnate</p><p>- Certificate in Basic Food dry Training, Ministry</p><p>of Education (Science and Technology) </p><p>(Febuary-2019)</p><p>- I). Organizational Development for Civil Society </p><p>course, ii) Communications Advocacy for Change </p><p>Course, The Institute for Political and Civic </p><p>Engagement (iPACE) (13/05/2019 – 25/06/2019)</p><p>- Certificate in Practical Approach to International</p><p>Trade Course Batch-23 (UMFCCI) (2018)</p><p>- Diploma in Corporate & Business Law, Myanmar </p><p>Institute of Business (Conferred by City of Oxford </p><p>College-UK-2017) </p><p>- Business Plan, Genius Training for SMEs Yangon.</p><p>(20-21 May, 2017)</p><p>- Introduction to Political Science, Yangon School of </p><p>Political Science (12/05/2015- 16/07/ 2015) </p><p>- I) The political Transition course, ii) The English for Special Purposes Course, The Institute for Political and Civic Engagement (iPACE) (29/04/2013-6/07/2013)</p><p>- Strategic Economic Needs and Security Exercise (S.E.N.S.E), Warsaw, Poland. (1-9 September, 2012)</p><p>- Global English Course, American Center, U.S</p><p>Embassy, Yangon (10/25/04 - 10/14/06) </p><p>- Basic Diplomatic Skills (BDS 13/2005), Ministry of ForeignAffairs, Myanmar. (06/27/05 - 09/13/05)</p><p>- Export/Import Procedure Course No. (20), Ministry of Commerce, Myanmar. (08/24/01 - 10/05/01) </p><p>- Tourist Guide Course (No. 3/96), Ministry of Hoteland Tourism, Myanmar. (12/30/96 - 03/10/97) </p><p>- Management Training Course, National’s Y.M.C.A￾Myanmar (05/08/95 – 20/08/95) </p><p>- Basic Secretary Training Course, National’s </p><p>Y.M.C.A-Myanmar (June-July, 1994)</p>

History Pu Cin Suan Mang tangthu

Pu Cin Suan Mang အမ်ိဳးသားလႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ေလာင္း NLD တြန္းဇန္ၿမိဳ႕ Pu Cin Suan Mang thutomno  Kei ka min Pu Cin Suan Mang hi a, 23  May...

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Zongeina Khuado

<p>Thupatna:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUL0ImY05OR1jWqJUX9iZYBjunPZax-DLFTkhA8ANwdPCTapMhfbQeCs9yJT2hZoDxSYhfWDuZunkynt6uTjoFkffnrvFUQ1fffWSKwBCqyWCwpnQLv50pa9eUwGvhJv8ZFfOeRuFpfI8c/s1280/Thang+Cin++Lian+Zomi+Today.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="1264" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUL0ImY05OR1jWqJUX9iZYBjunPZax-DLFTkhA8ANwdPCTapMhfbQeCs9yJT2hZoDxSYhfWDuZunkynt6uTjoFkffnrvFUQ1fffWSKwBCqyWCwpnQLv50pa9eUwGvhJv8ZFfOeRuFpfI8c/w198-h200/Thang+Cin++Lian+Zomi+Today.jpg" width="198" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Leitung minam khempeuhin a kibanglo Pau, Lai, Puansilh, Pawi leh Ngeina kinei kimciat a, Ei minam aa tek athupi pen leh ih gamhluah ahihi. Tua ahih manin khangthak te’n kemin zuunin ihpuah ding kisam hi. Zomi (Chin) te zong Leitung minamte sungah khat ih hihi. Kawl kumpi-in minamkhatin hong ciamtehna sungah, ih ngeina pawi dingin KHUADO hong ciaptehsak hi. Khuado pen Zomite pawilakah a thupi pen leh Kumcin kumthak Pawi, Anlakkhit lungdamkoh pawipi ahihi. Thu dangkhat in genleng Khagilo khempeuh hawlkhia in kisiansuahna pawi leh mailam adingin thupha ngetna, thupha dawhna pawipi zong ahihi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Zomi te’n Khuado banah Sialsawm, Ton, Zunun, Sa-aih, Gal-aih, Khuai-aih, Tangza-aih cihbangin Pawi tampi kinei hi. Khuado pen Tedim kammal hi-in, Khua cih kammal leh Do cih kammalnih kigawm hi a, Khua cih kammal pen mun, hun genna in kizang hi. Do cih kammal pen hawl, not, beng khia ahih kei aleh muak, dawn cihna ahihi. Tua ahih manin KhuaDo cih kammal khiatna in khatna-ah Khagilo khempeuh hawlkhia, notkhia, bengkhia cihna leh, nihna ah thupha Muak, Dawn cihna ahihi.</p><p> </p><p>Khuado pen Kawl te “mithun Pwe”(meivak pawi) tawhzong kibang pian a, Zomi sungah zong Hakha te’n “Tho Puai” Thantlalang te’n “Thaithar puai” , Falam Laizo te’n “Fang er puai, Zangiat te’n “Dongpi puai”, Khualsim te’n “Tho puai”, Rulbu te’n “Kuk puai” Sim leh Zahau te’n “Thaithar puai”; Matupi te’n “Cak Zoem Pwe”; Kanpatlet, Mindat te’n “Nampui pwe” cihbangin lawhna min tuamtuam neiciat hi. Tedim kampaute sungah zong khuakhat leh khuakhat ih bawldan a kibanglo omkha thei ding hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Khuado Bawlhun:</p><p><br /></p><p>Khuado pen anlak (tuktun) khitteh akibawl pawi hi a, nidang hunlai leh tuhun zong kibang nawnlo hi. Nidangin “Taang” kilimciin pen ahih manin tuktung baih a, Khuado kha sungin kibawl hi, Mikang kha in August kha tawh kituak hi. Tuhun ciangin Vaimim leh Buh kilimciin ahih manin tuktung hak zawdeuh a, Taang kha beikuan Phal kha kipatlamin kibawl hi. Mikang kha in September kha bei ahih kei leh October kha kipattawh kituak hi. Tua ahih manin Khuado pen ani akha te tungah kinga hizawloin, anlakkhit (tuktun) hun tawh kizui-in kibawl Pawi ahihi. Kumpi khuado pen October kha sungin kibawl a, Zogam ah kumpi zumte kikhak hi. Philippines gam ah zong nung kum(2005) khuado pen October kha 23 ni-in nuamtakin kibawl a, Gam tuamtuam a om Zomite’n zong a maumun ciatah Khuado uh cihthu kiza hi. Zomite kha sim dan: (1) Theinosih kha (2) Tuun kha (3) Dota kha (4) Dopi kha (5) Zing kha (6) Gam kha (7) Taangsih kha (8)Khuado kha (9) Taang kha (10) Phal kha (11) No kha (12) Kau kha te ahi hi</p><p><br /></p><p>Pawi Kigin kholhna leh “Sawm” Thu:</p><p><br /></p><p>Nidanglai-in Tangvalte a zi neih masiah uh munkhat ah giakkhawm uh a, tua mun pen “Sawm” kici hi. Khuakhat ah beh zui-in ahi zongin, khua tawh kizui-in ahi zongin “sawm” thum leh li om hi. “Sawm” ah mitampi lupkhop theihna dingin taupi kidawh a, tua pen “Thaam” kici hi. Tua lai ah makai khat om in tuapa pen “Thaammang” kici hi. Zan ciangin khuadamin zanpuak alumkhop ding neilo uh ahih manin lupnatau (Thaam) nuai ah meiphual cih uhhi. Meiphualcih ding sing kidong, singtom uh a, tua pen “Thaamsing” kici hi. Thaammang makaihna bangbangin nasemin gamta uhhi. Ih pu ih pa te’n pilna sangpipi neilo napi khat leh khat thu kimangin, vaihawm makaihzia siam mahmah uh a, kipawl khawmin thuvaihawm diamdiam uhhi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Khuado hun hong nai ciangin “Sawm” ah nungak tangval te’n nitak simin khuangtum, phiit lemin lasa uh a, Khuado aadingin kigingkhol uhhi. Khuado bawl ding hun hong tuntak ciangin, Hausapa te’n upa makaiteng kimutuahin Khuado bawl ding hun hong kikum uhhi. Sim leh zo anlakkhit ding hun, khualzin gamvakte kimtheih ding hun, hunlem pen ding ngaihsunin Khuado bawlni ding hong khensat uhhi. Tua khit ciangin “ taangaupa” khua sungah khuami khempeuh zak dingin tang ki-au sak hi. A zenzenin Khuado ma in anlak a zonailo aom aleh zong khat leh khat kihuhin kilakpih kipuakpih uhhi. Ih pu ih pa te Christain hilo napi Christian nuntakzia tampi na neikhin uhhi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Meilahsat Ni:</p><p><br /></p><p>Khuado Pawi ciang meivak dingin Takkung panin Takciimte “Meilah” sat uh hi. Tu hun bangin meivak tuamtuamte kineinailo ahih manin Zomite limzat pen meivak in “Meilah” ahihi. Tua ahih manin pawi tunma in meivakdet dingin meilahsat masa uhhi. Pawlkhatte bangin Khuado ciang zatding ci- in kum kipatcil pan meilah a kigingkhol bang om liang hi. Khuado tawh kisai-in kithawi masak pen ni ahi hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Kaubet Ni:</p><p><br /></p><p>Kaubet ni-ih cih pen dawi leh kau, khagilo khempeuh khawlkhiat, notkhiat, bengkhiat ni hi a, ki “khuasiansuahni” ahihi. Hihni-in Pawl omkhawmta uhhi. Pawlkhatte’n inn ah akhawi uh khuaite hal uh, Pawlkhatte’n gamsunga om khuaite sim uhhi. Khuaino pen Zomite meh lakah mehlim mahmah khat ahihi. Pawlkhatte’n saphelh ( zusa phelh.. etc..) awmin pawl omkhawm uhhi.</p><p><br /></p><p> Nitak sangam melmak hunciangin khangnote a “sawm” tek uh ah kikaikhawm uh a, tua panin tualteekte inn ah pai uhhi. Khuazinkhit ciangin “Tualteekpa” in meilahsippi khat de in a veilamkhut ah tawi-in, a taklamkhut ah tuga khat tawi hi. A nungah thau tawi khat , daktal tawi khat, zam tawi khat in zui uhhi. Kaubeng dingin Tualteekpa hong kipan a, tuga tawh mimbeem taangbem teng satin “ Kau aw ciahta in na zun na ek namsia, na ni na kha cingta hi manlangin ciah in” ci-in kiko vava kawmsa in innsungpi pan kongbiang ah, innliim ah, innka-ah, tuangdungah, innkadawn atun tak ciangin nakpi-in kiko veva a, ciahta vow! ci-in a tuga tawh sialkong dengphei hi. Tua khit ciangin a nungah thau tawi pa in a thau lawn hi. Tualteekpa in a meilahcip khennih suahinin, huang kongpi sak leh khang gawl tungah alomin suang hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tua khit ciangin mipi-in Tualteekpa meicip pan meide ciat in, kigualdiudeu in khua nawl muallam manawhin pai uhhi. Khuanawl mual tun ciangin paulap atuamtuam zong uh a, gimlua tahang ei, ih meilahsip zong tumta ei, ko hong zuizo nawn kei nung ei, ci-in paulap tuamtuam zongin meilahsip lomkhat cihsimloh teng sumit uhhi. Meilah sip lomkhat pen detsain singdawn khat ah suang uhhi. Tua khit ciangin mipite daikhipkhep in, khuazing sungah lampi zawtkhiankhian in innlam zuanin ciah uhhi. Tua pen ahawlkhiat kaute in aleh zuihkik lohna ding deihna ahihi. Khuasung innsung a om kha gilo, dawi leh kau khempeuh kido kihawlkhia, kinotkhia in khuasiansuah ni ahihi. Christian ih hih mapek in mit in ihmuh theihloh khagilo, dawigilote tua bangin ihpu ihpa te’n nahawlkhia uhhi. Hibangin innsung khuasung na siansuah uhhi. Christian ihsuahma pek in “Khuasiansuah” pen ihpu ihpa te’n kumsim in ana neih denden kisiansuahna ahihi. Zingciang khuavak kal ding kingak lah mahmah a, vok ki go in Khuado, kumthak hong tung ding hitakpi ta hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Ompi Ni:</p><p><br /></p><p>Phalvak tungin naupangte ihmu thei nawnloin thobaih mahmah uh a, sa emna dingin, khuapua lam ah singkangtom uhhi. Thangmualdawn ah ni hong suak aa kipanin khuasungah vokham kiza ziahziah ta hi. A tamzawin vok go uh a, pawlkhatin “Meipum” a go zong om uh hi. Meipum cih pen Sial, Bawng cihte ahihi. “Pawlsa” pen kumsimin innkhatkhit innkhat ban pai-in akikhawi ahihi. Sagawhkhit ciangin nangkhau tawh tuuk teh hamtang uh a, Papite a kiho uh ciangin “No tutung na pawlsa uh alimci hiam tuk bangzah” cih kammal pen dotmasakin kinei uhhi. Gentehna in salep hi, tukli leh belitung hi, tuknga leh beliphei hi , nupi-tuk guk hi e, cih bangin kidawng kik uhhi.</p><p>Sun in khangno pawlkhatin nitak khuai lakna-ah puak dingin zozu innkhat lawhta, lawhneu khatta khon uhhi. Tua pen “Khuaisahzu” kici hi. Inn ah papite’n sa huan kawmin zutaak kisuah uh a, Zozu khum a dawn kawmsa un mailam nuntak khuasakzia ding kikum tangtang uhhi. Sunni hong kai ciangin nitak annek ding kivaihawm pah hi. Banghanghiam cihleh Ompi ni pen si-ansiah ding leh nitak ciangin Khuailak ding vaithupi neilai uhhi. Annek ciangin Khanghamte sanam umkeu khat tawh a tuamin kipia a, Uham khanghamte zahtakna upat na ahihi. Tua bek thamlo in Uhamte ankuang sawk masiah khangno te’n an kinelo hi. Christian ihhih main Zomite ngeina sungah Uham khangham Pi leh Pu, Nu leh Pa te zahtakzia upatzia kineikhin lua hi. Tua bangin khat leh khat itna tawh sakibaakin zukitulh uhhi. Nitak an nekkhit ciangin naupangte sangoi leh sabaak pawlkhat tawi-in alawm itte tawh lamdung lamkal ah “Zawl-an” kipuak uhhi. Tua pen naupangte aadingin kumkhat sungah nop asak pen hun uh ahihi. Zomite ih naupanlai ih neutung hun mahin zong “Zawl leh Lawm” cih athupi sak, a ki nek ngaih vauvau aki-it phadiakte ih hihna kilang hi. Nungakte’n zong alawmngaihte uh ahawh ding lamenin , kongvang pan khuadakdak uh a, meh leh an khentuam in siah uh a, an nek ding ngak uh hi. Hi bang ngeina hoih tampi Zomite sungah ih nei khinkhian hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>An nek khit ciangin papi te’n kumkhat sung hong nusia(misi) sazian om zahzah “sanam”(satak, asin, alung, akal, atuap, azel, etc..) khilin, tua leh zu, niangtui thawlkhat tawh sinungah puak uh hi.Tua pen “Si-ansiah” kici hi. Nidang lai-in sanam, zutaak, zu-ha, leh sathau te pua in hanmual ah asisate luhawmte anvakin sathau kinilh sak hi. A sisate zahtakpiakna lim hi a, a maute kha in hong thei hi cih upna nei uh hi. Kisiansuahna lim zong ahi hi. Sihkhit nungah nuntaakna om hi cih pen ih pu ih pa te hun lai, Christian ih suak mapek in, tua bang upna na om khinzo hi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Nitak khuamui ciangin khangno khempeuh “Minam-puan” tawh kizemin Khuaila dingin Sawm ciat ah kikaikhawm uhhi. Kumkhat sung nungak tangval te ahoih pen ni, A Vam pen ni ahihi. Khuaila dingin apai uh ciangin daktal , Zam, khuang, phiit , nanglukhu nih, Khuaikhau, zubeltungneukhat pua uh a, mimalkimin meilah lomp khat tek leh cimbeng sukvuisa honkhat tek pua uhhi. Pailamin lampi ah daikhipkhep in pai uhhi. Khuailakna ding mun atun uh ciangin mihonpi munkhatah khawl in, “Siampupa” zubelneu leh nanglukhu nih tawh khuaila dingin pai hi. Khuai pen mei tawh hallo, phuisamin akhut tawh la a,khuaibu sung pan khuaipheekhoihpen la in, Khua gamlim tawh kituakin sak leh khang, nisuah nitumna ciamteh in, nanglukhu nih sungah khupin hong paipih hi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Tua khit ciangin mipi-in meilahsippi khat tek tawh khuaikhau lenkawmsa in kigual diudeu in ciah uh a, Siampipa masa, daktal,zam, sialki leh phiitmutte in zomin gualzawhna tawh innlam hongzuan uhhi. Phiitmut kawmin “khuamual” hong suak uh a, mipite in meilah kuangah cimbengvuite thehin tezaizai hi. Phiitging pen ngaih mahmah in, soprano, tenor, alto, bass cihbangin aw tuamtuam tawh zaknop mahmah hi. “Khuamual” ah innngakte in zutaaklim pen tawh dawn uh a, zutaak abanban in kigualtulh uhhi. “Khuatual” tuntak ciangin tawlkhatsung phiitmut in laam uha, tuakhit ciangin Siampupa in Khuaibu hongtani ei… ci-in nakpi takin kiko a, mipite daikhipkhep uhhi. </p><p><br /></p><p>Siampupa in nanglukhu hong in, khuaipheek tungtawnin kumkhatsung nuntakziading tangko khiatna nei hi. Gentehna in Khuaino apusuak aomleh khuadangah atai, alal om ding ci hi. Khuainosi aom aleh tua veng ah misi om ding ci hi. Khuainobusa aom aleh nuamsa in ahau om ding ci-in, mailam thupiang ding genkhiatna nei hi. Zomite zong mailam thupiang ding atheinuam mahmah minam ih hihna kilang hi. Christian ihhih ma pek in, mailam thu piang ding theinuam in aisan in dottheih dotmawh adong te ihhihi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tuakhit ciangin numei leh pasal kikalhelh uh a, Phiitmut in lasa a, Sawm zui-in La kidemin nopci mahmah uhhi. Hibangin zanthapaai gualnuamin Khuado Pawi bawl ziahziah uhhi. Khuadola dawng zanihval bang a omte sa ziahziah a, ciah ding hun ciangin tawpna la khat om in tua asak khit uh ciangin ciahpan uhhi. Khuado pen nithum panin kalkhatval bang kibawl hi. Sun in Innkatau ah daklaam in khangnote gualnuam uhhi. Dak pen aw namthum om in soprano, tenor leh bass cih bangin aw zaknop huai takin tum uhhi. Khuang leh zam, Phiit leh Dak te tawh la-aw a tuamtuam in tum uh a, zaknop mahmah hi. Ih pu ih pa te hun lai-in amau khuahun tawh kizui-in music lam na khauh pai mahmah veve uhhi. Hibangin kalkhat sungbang Khuangtum, zam tum, sialki tum, Dak tum, Phitmut lasa in Zo Ngeina Khuado kumsim in nuamtakin bawlkhawm ziahziah uhhi.</p><p><br /></p><p>Thukhupna:</p><p><br /></p><p>. Pasian hong piak ih ngeinate hangin ih lungdam hi. Ei uttel ahilo minam hangin angtangin, ih ngeinate zunin puahin kemcing ding hihang. “Zomi-in kei ka piang a, Zomi bangin ka nungta” cih la a om mah bangin ih minam it in ngeinate thupi ngaihsut ding hihang. Minamkhat in hong kiciaptehna ih ngeina pawi te amanthan lohna dingin Zomi a it U leh nau khempeuh aw ih ngeinate kepsiam ding hihang. Khuado Pawi-in Zomi khempeuh hong kipumkhat sak hi. Unaukhat innkuankhat ih hihna hong kilangsak hi. Kampau hong deidanlo hi. Biakna hong deidanlo hi. Numei pasal hong deidanlo hi. Khangmoi khangham hong deidanlo hi. Pinasang pinaniam hong deidanlo hi. Mizawng mihau hong deidanlo hi. Beh leh phung hong deidanlo hi. Zomi khempeuh ih ngeina Pawi, ih neihkhop ahihi. Khuado Pawi pen Zomite adingin Pasian hong piak thupha lian mahmah khat ahi hi. “Ngeina in minam kipin khosak a, Ngeina in minam tangthubu ahihi.” Christian te nuntak zia hong hilh Zo Ngeina Khuado, Zosuan vontawi tun leh zua, ciin leh tuai aw zuunin puahciat ve ni. </p><p><br /></p><p>Agelh:</p><p>Thang Cin Lian</p><p><br /></p><p>(Khuakhat leh khuakhat zong Khuado ih bawldan kibangkimlo ding hi. Bangbang ahi zongin Ciingpikot Khuamite Khuado bawldan kei theihna bangin kong gelhkhiat ahi hi.2006, Manila)</p>

History Zongeina Khuado

Thupatna: Leitung minam khempeuhin a kibanglo Pau, Lai, Puansilh, Pawi leh Ngeina kinei kimciat a, Ei minam aa tek athupi pen leh ih gamhlu...

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Zomi bek, Zomi bek by~ Khup Khan Thang Taithul

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> ZOMI BEK ZOMI BEK.<br /> <br /> Col. Khen Za Moong inn ah, khangno pawlkhat pai in, a interview na ah “Ko neu lai in ZOMI om kei, EIMI ki ci bek ung” ci in gen hi. Mipawlkhat in “ZOMI” omlo ci Colonel mihai pa, aci tawh, Col. pan’ bangmah thei kei a ci tawh ih mawh sak ngeingai hi. A taktak in, amaa cih nop thu in, a mi omlo acii hilo in, a mi a om eimi te in “ZOMI” ih kici nai kei hi leh “ZOMI” cih minam min om nailo a cii ahihi. Kei zong  maan hi a ci pawl ka hihi. Hai nong sa uh hia?<br /> <br /> <br /> Ei Zomi te taangthu hong kan masa mi namdang te in, “ZOMI” cih minam min azatna omlo in, “ZO” bek na zangh uhhi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1871-72 The Lushai Expedition sungah, “Paites” “Sokte” “Sokte under Kamhow of Molbhem” cih dan in ih minam min na kicianteh hi. “Zomi” cihna omlo hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Dr. E.H. East 1901-1911 laibu at “Burma Manuscript” sungah ih minam min “ZOMI” cih khat vei zong na zangh lo hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1917 kum Piantit ah Labour Corps ih pai ciang in, Unit 61 ah “Sukte” leh “Sihzang” leh Unit 62 ah “Kam Hau/ Tedim” ci in nacianteh uh aa, “ZOMI” cih minam min kizangh vet nailo hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Sangmangpa J.H. Cope 1910-1939 in, ih Zolai hong bawlsak bek thamlo in, Laisiangtho, Labu, sang aa zat ding Zolai simbu tampi leh Tedim gam Thu kizakna( News Paper) zong hong bawl sak aa, tua te sungah “ZOMI” cih kammal kizatna omlo hi. Ahizong in, Khalkha gam Zokhua aom mite a genna ah “ZO MI HING” cih kammak khatvei bekbek na zangh hi. “Tedim Kam, Kamhau Dialect” leh a mite a gen ciangin, “Kam Hau, Sihzang, Sukte” cih bangin minam min na khen in zangh hi. Cope topa laibu bawl, “LEITUNG, KHAMTUNG GAM THU LE KAWL GAM THU BU” published 1931 bu tungah “TEDIM KAM”  cih laimal gawm na zangh in, ki-uk na lam te at dan official “TIDDIM” na zanghlo hi. KAM HAU DIALECT cih na zangh lo leuleu hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Sangmangpa F.O. Nelson 1939-1951, Tedim khua hong tun ciang in, J.H. Cope topa te maaban hong zomto uhhi. Nelson tonu laibu at “Rough Road, Good Life” sungah “ZOMI” cih laimal zat na omlo hi.<br /> <br />  “TEDIM” zong “TIDDIM” in na at hi. A mite “Kam Hau Mi” na ci hi. WWII maa ciangciang “ZOMI” cih minam min zatna laitawh ciapteh na khat nangawn a om kei hi. Ka theih banlo “Zomi” cih minam min zatna lai tawh ciaptehna,  a omkhak leh hong lak ta un ci in kong thum hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Dr. Desmond Kelly laibu at,  Vuandok Norman Kelly (1939- 1945) “Kelly’s Burma Campaign” sungah, “Kam Hau Tribe, Sukte or Sokte tribe, Siyins” cih bang in ih minam min na ciapteh hi. “ZOMI” cih minam min  a kizatna omlo hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1948 kum in, Tedim gam uksung aom ih Ukpi te, Hausa te, leh laithei khangno makai teng in, eimi te laipilna lamah tawisang na ding in, laisim theihnang tawh kisai kipawlna khat na phuan in, “ZO EDUCATION BOARD” cih min naphuak uh hi. (Theiding “ZOMI” Terminology, minam min, na zanghlo uhhi.)<br /> <br /> <br /> Rangoon University leh Judson College aa sangkah Chin sangnaupang te-in, 1947 kum in, sangnaupang kipawlna khat na phuan uh aa, “Hill Chin Student’s Union” na phuak uhhi. 1952- 53 sangkum in, a masaa pen, Hill Chin Student’s Union Annual Magazine bu na bawlkhia uhhi. Burmese, English, Falam, Haka, Tiddim, section in khen in, thuluui (Article) amau dialect ciat tawh at uhhi. Ei Tiddim sangnau pangte in, “ZANGKONG ZO SANGNAUPANGTE PAWLPI” kumcin Magazine 1952-53; TIDDIM PAU na ci uhhi.<br /> <br />  (ZOMI Terminology kizangh nailo hi) Thawng Chin Thang T.P.C., B.Fr.S., Consulting Editor, R. Vung Suan, MBBS. (Final) Editor, Khat Suan, I. B.Sc. (For) ih Zomi mimuan teng a paa hi.; Tua bang mah in, 1956-57 kum ciang dong “ZANGKONG ZO SANGNAUPANGTE PAWLPI” mah naci lai uhhi.<br /> <br />  Consulting Editor: Dr. R Vung Swan M.B.,B.S; Editor: S.P. Vung Cin Thang B.A.Ed. (Fl.Yr.); Associate Edito: Thawng Do Zam I.Sc. Sr.<br /> Dr. Suan Za Dong, M.B., B.S, D.O. in Liapian “Pau Cin Hau lai” in, (Roman alphabet a’ kihello) “ZOMI” cih “Word” at thei ahih man’ in, nidang pek (Pau Cin Hau lai) a pian ma pek in “ZOMI” cih kammal “Terminology” or minam min om khin hi ci in gen hi. Ke’n tua ka sang zo kei hi. Bang hanghiam nacih uh leh, “ZOMI” cih kammal  or terminology or minam min a om khit ma’n aa, Pau Cin Hau lai in, “ZOMI” cih laimal “Word” a at-thei hizaw lo in, lai bucing ahi man’ in “ZOMI” cih kammal (Word) a at-thei hizaw hi ka ci hi. Roman Alphabet a zanglo, Kawllai, Thailai, Japanlai, Senlai etc.. te in zong “ZOMI” cih lai mal a mau lai in at-thei ciat uh hi. Tua in “ZOMI” cih minam min a om hang hizaw lo in, laipicing a hi hang hizaw hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> “ZOMI” cih kammal pen tuhun ciangin ih “MINAM MIN” ding in ih saangtheih leh ih pomkim ciat kammal ahihi. Tua hangin eite “ZOMI” ih kicii hi. Tu khanghun ciangin ih minam min “ZOMI” cih pen, Kawlgam, Vaigam, a om eimi mimal kim phial in ih saangthei aa, zong ihdeihpen ih minam min ahi hi.<br /> <br />  “ZOMI” cih kammal (Terminology) ih minam’ min dingin officialy aa, kizat na te in, anuai aa bang a hihi.<br />   Plain Chin, Hill Chin, Kuki, Mizo, Thado etc.. minamkee khempeuh in, “ZO” (Jo,Yo,) pen ih generic name hi cii in saangkiim thei hi. “Mi” pen mihing “Human being” hi aa, tua tegel gawmin, ”Zomi” “Zopeople” cih ih minam min dingin na saangthei uhhi.<br /> <br /> <br /> A taktak in, eimi te sangin, minam dangte in “ZO” na zangh/pom zaw uh hi. A mimal min nangawn ah na zangh uh hi. Gtn: Zo Tum Hmung (Lai Tum Hmung ), Zo Bawi (Laimi Bawi), Zo Ram Thang (Mizo Ram Thang) cilo uhhi. Ei mite’n ei phuah tawm (Gtn: Zo Khual, Zo Khup) cih simlo ihpu ihpa hong phuah sak min ah “Zo” tawh kipan min nangawn ih nei kei hi. “Zo” tawh kipan numei’ min tezong a tappih min tawpna “Zo” ahih hang ahihi. Banghang in, amau minam dang te in, “ZO” or “ZOMI” deihlo ih ci thei hiam?<br /> <br /> <br /> 1948 kum in, United Manipur Joumi organisation (1948) [later United Zomi Organisation (1958)] ci in “Joumi” or “Zomi” cih kammal na kizang masa pen hi. Given the incresing vernacularisation of clan and politics since the mid-1940s and 1950s, this argument is refuted by patterns of mobilisation. The formation of clan-based dialectal organisations like the  Vaiphei National Organisation(1944)………United Manipur Joumi Organisation (1948) [Later United Zomi Organisation (1958)]. (Rethiking ‘tribe’ identities: by Proff. Dr. Kham Khan Suan Hausing.)<br /> <br /> <br /> 1953 kum ciangin, Rev. S.T. Hau Go hanciam in, Chin Special Division (Now Chin State) buppi, Kalay - Kabaw Valley, Tamu Valley aom Chin te, Kuki, Thahdo mite khempeuh in ih minam min, ih true identity “ZOMI” na saangthei kim uh aa, “ZOMI BAPTIST CONVENTION (ZBC)” na phuan uhhi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1958 kum in, Tedim khua ah pilsinna sang khat kiphuan aa, “Zomi Baptist Academy (ZBA)” min naphuak hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1966 kum ciangin, Zangkung ah University/ college sang kah Zomi sangnaupang te in, kipawlna khat phuan uh aa, “Zangkung Zomi Siamsin kipawlna” na ci uhhi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1972 kum pawl aa kipuahpha, ih Zolai Simbu sungah “ Z = ZOMI TE HANLUNGCIAM KHANGTO DIAM”  ci-in, primary sangnaupang pan kisinsak pah a hih man’in, khangthak naupang te a kipan ih minam min “ZOMI” hi cih ahilh hilh ii hi gige hi. Tuciang ih sinsak nawnlo pen, ih ngaihsun khialhna khat hi.<br /> 1962 kum Revolutionary Council hong kah ciang 1962 July 7 ni in, Revolutionary Council kumpi deihloha lungphona nei sangnaupang teng kaplum ziahzaih in, Students Union Hall zong Dynamite tawh kap kham hi.<br /> <br />  Students Union zong hong beisak hi. 1964 kum Union Day (Feb 12, 1964) ni in, ethnic groups (Taizinta) sangnaupang te ading in, “Literature and Culture Sub Committee” kici sangnaupang kipawlna phuat khuan hong kipia hi.<br /> <br />  Rangoon University Chin sangnaupang te in zong, “Chin Students’ Literature and Culture Sub Committee” hong phuan hi. Tua hun akipan, University sangnaupangte maakaih natawh “Chin National Day” hong kibawl kik ahihi. Tua hun aa kipan, Rangoon University Chin sangnaupang te in, Chin National Day Banner atdan ding ki thukimna kinei zolo ahih ciang in, kumkhat “Zo Minam Ni” or “Zomi Nam Ni” koi zaw in ki-at lian’ cih ka ciapteh theinawnlo hang in, Zopau in ki-at hi. A kum kik ciang in, “Lai Phunpi Ni” cii in, Lai-pau in ki-at leuleu aa, kumsim in kikhelsak uh ahih man’ in, sangnaupang te’n kisaang kim thei lel hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1969 kum a kipan University Sangnaupangte maakaih natawh, honguk Kumpi te deihlohna lungphona ki nei toto aa, 1977 kum a kipan, Kumpi in, mun tuamtuam, khua tuamtuam ah “Regional College” hong phuan uh hi. Unversity Sang te omsak nawnlo in, Sangnau pang teng “Regional College” te ah hong khenthaang uh hi. Tua hun a kipan Chin National Day a kibawl ciang in, Regional College Sangnaupangte makaihna hong suak hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1981 kum pawl in, Rangoon Regional College aa, ei Zomi sangnaupang maakai Thuam Khan Suan B.D.S leh Hang Khan Khai @ E Khai te in, tanglai pek a kithum ngeilo Chin National Day Banner at dan (Zomi Nam Ni leh Lai Phunpi Ni) tawh ih kitawt tawt sang ci in, Chin State Myonee dang sangnaupang maakai te na’zol (Sizung) in, Chin National Day Banner ah, ei Zolai lah paa ding a mau lai zong a paa ding ci in, “ZOMI PHUNPI NI” ci in na at uh hi.<br /> <br />  Namdang sangnaupang te in zong ih minam min “ZOMI” a sangthei na higige uh hi. Bek thamlo in, Chin State sung aa om namdang sang  naupang teng kilungtuak tak in, 1982 kum Phunom khua aa kibawl, “Khuado Pawi” bang vasim khawm ngeingai uhhi. Namdang mi Haka, Falam, Matu, Mindat etc.. sangnaupang te in, tuhun zah in “ZOMI” cih kammal zadahlo uh hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Zo minam bup kigawmna ding, suahtakna ding lunggulhna mah tawh kum 1988, May 19-21 sungin Champhai khua-ah FIRST WORLD ZOMI CONVENTION ON RE-UNIFICATION khawmpi kibawlin, Kawlgam, Manipur, Mizoram leh mun tuamtuam pan mi tul tampi in siim hi. Hih khawmpi panin Zo minam bup kipawlna ding ZOMI RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZORO) hong piang hi. Hih khawmpi leh kipawlna vai a hawm leh a thusapite pen 1972, January 21 ni aa Manipur, Daizang khua-a kiphuh, Pu T. Gougin leh Pu S. Thang Khan Gin ngaihte-te makaih ZOMI NATIONAL CONGRESS (ZNC) party leh Mizoramah a diakin Pu Brig. Thenphunga Sailo makaih PEOPLE'S CONFERENCE (PC) party ahihi. (J. Thang Lian Pau, editor Zolawta, February 20, 1998)<br /> <br /> <br /> Khatvei leu, Zo minamte kigawmna ding leh suahtakna dinga mala dingin 1993, April 9 ni-in Kachin gam, Phupian khua-ah pawl khat hong piang leuleu a, tua pen ZOMI RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZRO) mah hi leuleu in, Pu Khai Za Song Guite alias K.Guite in President panmun lenin, makaih hi. 1997, July kha in Yangon University kah Zomi Siamsin khangno 20 val in "Zoheisa Unit" ci-in sisan tawh kiciamin phut uh a, ZRO sungah lutin panmun tuamtuam lenin hong kalsuan uh hi. Pu Khai Za Song Guite zawh ciangin 1997 kum Pu Thang Lian Pau (Tonzang MP) ZRO President tu dong sem suak hi. (J. Thang Lian Pau, Zolawkta)<br /> <br /> <br /> 1997 kum March ni 9 ni in, “ZOMI” misuang kipawlna, “Zomi Innkuan Singapore” Singapore khuapi ah na kiphuan khia hi. 2006 kum in “ZOMI” minsuang “Zomi Association of Malaysia” Malaysia gam ah kiphuan hi. Tu in leitung bup mun khempeuh phial ah “ZOMI” misuang kipawlna te om zo hi.<br /> Hih thu te ih et kik ciangin, Kawlgam, Vaigam, Bangaladesh gam aom, Chin, Kuki, Mizo, Vaiphei, Gangte etc… teng in, ih minam min “ZOMI” asaang thei kim na himawk hi.<br /> <br /> ZOMI BEK ZOMI BEK.<br /> Khatvei lai in-ah, U Lian Uk B.A, LL.B Thantlang MP in, a lai-at na khat ah, no Tedim te in “ZO or ZOMI”   unn (or) aituam bawl (Monopolized) lua uhteh cih hi ci-in Dr. Suang Za Dong (Austrilai) in hong gen ngei hi. Hih lua hi. Ei lam mi (Tedim, Tonzang) teng in, “ZOMI” minam min pen ih unn nuam, ih aituambawl lua kha mah hi. “ZOMI” ih nausek suksuk hi.<br /> 1990 kum ciangin, Zomi te movement ding in leh Kawlgambup kitelna ah, mee kuang lui nading in, “Zomi National Congress” ih phuan hi. “ZOMI” cih minam min pen ei ading bek in ih neusek leuleu hi. 1990 kum Kawlgam kitel na ah, ZNC min tawh kuang kilui aa, Tedim ah MP mun khat, Tonzang ah M.P. munkhat kingah hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1993 kum ciangin Tedim, Tonzang leh Lamka gam aom Zomi pawlkhat kipawlna,  “ZOMI RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZRO)” ih phuan leuleu aa, 1988 May kha aa ki phuansa, Zo minamcin kipawlna, “ZOMI RE-UNFICATION ORGANISATION (ZORO)” tawh kipawl lo in, “ZOMI” ihki neusek suksuk leuleu hi. Hun khat sung India lam aom ih saanggam, Paite, Simte, Zo etc. tawh zong khut kilen in kalsuan khawm himah leh 2018-19 kum lam a kipan, makai te kilemlo na hang in, Paite bang in “ZOMI” cih minam min hong saang zonawnlo zawsawp hi. Ih Zomi makai te in, Zomi unn (monopolized) nuam lua ih hih kha keitam cih huai hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 1995 kum ciang in, Zomi a kici phadeuh pawl in, kum 40 val “ZOMI” minam min kiptak aa kizangsa “Zomi Baptist Convention” ‘ZBC’ pan ih tai khia hi.  Chin State buppi leh Kalay Kabaw Valley pan, Kawlte leh Mikaang te’n “Chin” ci aa hong sap minam (Lai, Laimi, Chomi, Zomi, Kuki, Thahdo, …) in a san’ theihsa “ZOMI” pen Tedim leh Tonzang myonee ading in, “Zomi Baptist Convention Myanmar” ‘ZBCM’ phuan in ih neusek suk hi.<br /> <br />  Siyin Region Baptist Association, Zo Baptist Association, Kabaw Valley Baptist Association, Kuki Chin Baptist Association, te in hong pawmlo lai khemawk hi. Tedim Association of Baptist mitawh Tedim gam leitaw lam aom eimi pawlkhat ZBC ah sul na hei ki leuleu. Zomi teng sial-ek den bangin ih kikhenthaang hi. “ZBCM” in Zomi te biakna hi aa, “ZBCM” pawl a hilo peuhmah “ZOMI” hilo, “ZOMI” langpang hi ci-in, numei naupang te telkhialh zahdong dingin a gen, makai thuhilhsia pawl khat om mawk hi. Zomi Tuiphum pawlpi sung veve ah ei leh ei ih kigal bawl hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Tonzang myonee Tonzang Baptist Association leh Tedim myonee pan Meitei gungal kual Teizang kampau pawl khat, ZBCM hong aituam bawl leuleu uh aa, ih Kawlgam sung aom minamkee kikhen in, ih Zomi minam hong cidam sak hetlo zaw hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2005 kim pawl in,  Zomi Movement, Zomi National Congress pan in, nai-ngan-ye party “Zomi Congress for Democracy” ci in a min ih khek leu leu hi. Zomi manbup vai ZNC’ Zomi Movement pen Political Party ZCD ah ih neu sek suk lailai hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2014 kum in, Kawlgam kumpi in, U.N. panpih na tawh milip kisiimna (Census) hong bawl hi. Minam kee khempeuh Computor tawh nasep ol nading Code Number hong pia kiim hi. “ZOMI” min tawh Code Number kinei lo hi. Hih Indeginous Ethnic group a hihlo gamdang mi te (Others) a’ding Code Number 914 pia hi. Zomi Movement leh ZCD maakai te in, Zomi a deih tengin 914 ah ih minam mi “ZOMI” ci in ih khum ding hi ci hi. Code 914 a khialo te “ZOMI” deihlo “ZOMI” langpang te hong kici leu leu hi.<br /> <br />  Launa tawh ih vekpi in, maakai te’ thu ihzui aa, 914 ah ih  kikhum hi. Tuni dong bangmah thu leh la ih kanzo tuan kei aa, “ZOMI” cih minam om hi cih zong officially ciaptehna ih ngah zo kei hi. Tua inzong “ZOMI BEK” mah ih cih hang ahi hi. “Vakhu muk bawl” mah ahihi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2015 kum Kawlgam bup kitelpi ciang in, ih maakai pawlkhat in, ZCD party in ih Zomi minam party hi, ZCD mee (Vote) pialo te, ZOMI hilo, ZOMI deihlo te, ZOMI langpang te hi hong ci lanlan leuleu hi. Gamdang aom teng bang in, innlam aom a innkuanpih te kiangah ZCD mee napiak kei uhleh sum hong khak nawnlo ding hi ung ci in, ih vau/tawng zawzen hi. Hih thu te in, eimi sung mahmah ah ih minam ZOMI ih neusek na bek thamlo in, kikhenkhap nading atawsawn sawn ih hi gige hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Hih mah hi, Kawlgam bup kitel ciangin ZCD ih buakhuan aa, Tedim leh Tonzang ah MP 6 ih khah hi. A tamzaw (Majority) ii hihi. Tedim leh Tongzang khuapi gel simlo, Chin State myonee dangte’ khuapi teng ah, sun le zaan (24 hr.) 7 days a week electric mei taang zihziah hi.<br /> <br />  Maha Dat-Aa meikhau nawkna khuaneu te na ngawn ah mei taang lai hi. Aw ZCD Zomi nam party nang koi ah om na hiam? Bangding in na hong taisan hiam?<br /> <br /> Ko te in, lampi  keek in, Concreate lampi, Nylon Kattaya hong bawlsak hilo ka hi uh hiam? Khua pawlkhat ah sanginn ka hong lam’sak uhhi.<br /> <br />  Bengngong bang aa, khuadang gamdang aom natu nate te uh tawh kiho theilo, tu in Iphone leh Samsung Galaxy tawh mel kimu in tongdam kiluan theih nang’ kong bawlzo uhhi ong ci ding uhhi. Ke’n aman’ takpi kong cih in ah, tuate in nidang pek note kahmaa hun akipan leitung khantohna dungzui in, Kawl kumpi’ Development Planning kibawlsa te ahihi.<br /> <br /> <br /> 2018 kum ciangin, Baptist World Alliance (BWA) ah member ngah thei nading in, ZBCM maakai te in, Zomi Baptist Churches of America (ZBCA) hong phuan khia uhhi. U.S.A gam sung khuapi khuaneu te ah hong zin kawikawi in, Tuiphun pawlpi Thu-um saa te sungpan in ZBCA pawlpi 40 val hong phuankhia uh aa, U.S.A gamsung aom Tuiphum Zomi te hong khenkham lailai uhhi. ZOMI te bangci kipum khat thei nawnta ding?<br /> <br /> <br /> 2020 kum March kha ciang in, Pandemic Coronavirus positive Kaptel khua ah hong kimu khia hi. Kawlgam bup linglawng hi. Tua natna nei Kawlgam ah hong tamsemsem aa, natna ngah te aamau State or Taing Detahgyi Khazai (District) zato ah kipuak hi.<br /> <br />  Ei cina zong tua thukhun zui in Falam Zato pi ah puak ding ahihi. A hih hangin, aamau Amyothar Hlutdaw M.P pa U Zung Hlei Thang in, Tedim cina pa’ Falam Zatopi ah apuak loh nading tungsiah ah, amaa power zang in official lai na tin pah hi. COVID 19 cina te Falam ah kipuaklo pah hi. Kawlpi khua ah Kawlte; 8888 makaite, Kawlmi kipawlna atuamtuam te in zong, Zomi COVID 19 cina te, Kawlpi Zato a puakloh nading tungsiah ah lai natin khin zawzen hi. Paulap ding thugil a muh uh ciang aa hongnial (Denial) kineih uh hi a, nidang lai pek in, “ZOMI” te ki ultung saklua hong kisaa uh hang in, hong mudah,  hongdeihlo honggalbawl, (Prejudice) hongsimmawh hongneu-etna (Contempt) khin-uh na hi gige  zaw hi. Tua kawmkal ah eimi te, Naiganyee Party,Tapidaw Biakna tuamtuam in ih kikhen sawnsawn lai hi. Kua mah in ZOMI te hong kihta nawnlo hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> ZOMI’ Naiganyee Party; ZCD, USDP, NLD M.P te in, Falam or Kawlpi Zato ah cina hong puak sak zaw ding maw? Or Tedim Zato ah a’kisam zatui zahaa, PPE, vanzat te leh 24 hr electric mei Generator hat khat amanlang thei penpen in hong puak zaw ding na hi uh hiam?  cih, Naingandaw ah pangkhawm in lai khat ih at phah ding hizaw hi. ZCD M.P tengin Vice President (1) tung minthuh in lai ih tin aa, USDP, NLD party dangte ih zawn kei ta lailai hi.<br /> <br />  M.P te koi ah om na hi uh hiam? “Mipi deihna bawl zolo kahih man’un lau in kabu uh hi” hong ci kei zaw unla, “Hiah om ing ZOMI aw hong sawl un, Kei kapai ding hi!” hong ci zaw un. Na kuangluii na (Constituency) mipi in hong lam-et hi. 2020 kum kitelpi ciang in, a’ gahlo hiang khempeuh te kisatan ding aa, mee kipialo ding hi, na kuangluii na mipi te in ci hi.<br /> <br /> <br /> Tua ahihciang ei “ZOMI” sung mahmah ah “ZOMI” neusek suksuk nawnlo in, kipumkhat aa, vai khat pepeuh (Any Cause) ah ihpankhoptheih ding, ih kipumkhat ding khuahun in honsawl hong ngen ta hi cih phawkciat ni!<br /> <br /> <br /> “UNITED WE ARE INVINCIBLE; UNITED WE THRIVE”<br /> <br /> Lam-etna lianpi tawh,<br /> <br /> Khupkhan Thang Taithul<br /> Norman, Oklahoma, U.S.A.<br /> March 31, 2020.<br /> (Revise on April 29, 2020)<br /> _________<br /> <br /> Sia Pau Lian Mang<br /> ZCLS President in a thukkikna hih a nuai a ahihi.<br /> <br /> Zomi cih min vai kikupna ah "Zolai hong phuatsak Cope topa in Zolai cih min zang lo ahih teh Zopau Zolai cih min cik-a piang hiding?" cih hong kidong ngei khat ka dawnna tawh kei zong hong kihel hi ning.<br /> <br /> A tomin gen lehang: Zopau Zolai cih min cik-a piang, cik-a kizang cih kei zong gen thei lian lo hi'ng.<br /> <br /> Ahih hangn i gen theih thu ah etkak/tehpih ding a om hun ciangin tu-a kammal na kizang hiding hi ci nuam hang.<br /> <br /> (I pu i pate in midangte' pau/lai khatpeuh a zak a muh  simun Zopau/Zolai cih kammal na zang uh hikha ding hi).<br /> <br /> A sauzaw deuhin:<br /> I gam ah Cope topa' hong tun ma-in Pu Pau Cin Hau in lai na phuan khin hi. Tua '"lai" pen "lai" mah kici lel hi. Cope topa hong tun ciangin ABC (Romanized alphabet) tawh lai a thak khat hong phuatsak hi. Nih pha ta ahih manin (etkak/tehpih ding omin khentel kul ta ahih manin) Cope topa' phuat pen Mangtuallai kici a, i neih masak pen Zotuallai kici hi<br /> * (Zo cih min hong dawkkhia hi).<br /> <br /> Tua minte pen tualsung pana piang hi a, kumpi' ciaptehpih/zatpih min hilo hi. Kumpi in tualsunga kizang pau pen ki-ukna (administration) mit tawh enin Kamhau Dialect na ci hi.<br /> <br /> Cope topa in zong laibu a bawl ciangin ei' tualsung pau pen ama' phuat lai tawh a gelhkhiat hi a, tuate Mangkang kumpi' zatdan zui-in Kam Hau Dialect mah na ci hi.<br /> <br /> A zenzenin i neih masak lai pen Cope topa hong tun ma-in na hat na hoih mahmah khin henla, laibu khawng a na kibawl zihziah khin, sang khawng ah zong a dawl sangpipi-in kisin khin hileh i kiim i paam-a Kawl, Meitei, Kala, Sen cihte tawh etkak/tehpih kul ding ahih manin tua lai pen Zolai na kici khin ngel ding hi.<br /> <br /> Bang hangin tuaci gen ngam i hiam cihleh i pau sungah "Zo" cih kammal tawh etkak/tehpihna i neihsa na tam mahmah ahih man hi.<br /> <br /> Zu cik-a kipan i neih i nek hiding cih i thei kei a, ahi zongin namdangte' bawl zu i muhkhak ciangin ei' neih zu pen zozu i ci hi.<br /> <br /> Vok i khawi  sawt khin mahmah ngel ding a, vok mah i cih ziau lel pen namdangte' vok i muh teh ei' vok pen zovok i ci hi.<br /> <br /> Thau i nei a, thau i cih ziau hi napi, mi' thau i muh teh ei' a pen zothau i ci hi.<br /> <br /> Tua mah bangin i gam ah i teeng a, khamh ahih manin khamhtung i ci lel a, gamdang tuamtuam i phak i muh ciangin ei' gam pen Zogam i ci hi.<br /> <br /> Ei teng bek kimumu-in i beh i khua i awkaih bek tawh i kilolo lel a, eileei zong "eimi" peuh i kici lel hi. Lem mahmah lel ahih man hi. Tua panin mundang gamdang ah namdangte lak i tun ciangin etkak/tehpih ding hong om ta a, beh/khua/awkaih khawng bek-a i kilawh hong cing thei nawnlo hi. Nam khat i hihlam i kiphawk deuh a, min khatin kilawh ding a kisap ciangin meeting sap kullo, i sung panin Zomi cih hong dawkkhia hi.<br /> <br /> Khup lehang, etkak/tehpih ding a om hun cianga hong dawk zeuhzeuh Zo cih kammal cik-a piang cih pen thei zo nailo hihang. Tua mah bangin etkak/tehpih a omna tungtawna hong piang Zopau Zolai cih min zong cik-a piang cih a kigencian thei nailo suak phot hi.<br /> <br /> Cik-a piang cih i gen theihloh manin Zomi, Zopau, Zolai om lo i cih ding zong lah piang thei peuhmah lo zel hi.<br /> (Kei mimal khat ii muhsun teng kikupna ciang bek ahi hi<br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPO71myvOvM0RSCulXCvRuuyzStHXEswrvNFNt3R8plllCcEm__vZ-1flYG5Jo6zYmT2rLxZ_UY3fSNZZrZltDN4RuAB8asxx3GsUXoM-kDspaaBhlhqSYlpF7xn4pnDW0L8w3OUlhcOpt/s1600/FB_IMG_1588203555784.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPO71myvOvM0RSCulXCvRuuyzStHXEswrvNFNt3R8plllCcEm__vZ-1flYG5Jo6zYmT2rLxZ_UY3fSNZZrZltDN4RuAB8asxx3GsUXoM-kDspaaBhlhqSYlpF7xn4pnDW0L8w3OUlhcOpt/s320/FB_IMG_1588203555784.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <br /></div>

History Zomi bek, Zomi bek by~ Khup Khan Thang Taithul

ZOMI BEK ZOMI BEK. Col. Khen Za Moong inn ah, khangno pawlkhat pai in, a interview na ah “Ko neu lai in ZOMI om kei, EIMI ki ci bek ung” ...

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