- Sumzondan pen amet ngah ding lametna tawh nasepna hi. Hauhna lam pilna zong kici hi. Hauhna lian bel sum tampi ngah in tawm bek zang in tampi khol leng a ki hau ding dan in. Lam khat pan sumngahna ding a nasepna zong ki ci thei hi. Tuaman in koidan in sum kingah thei hiam cih en masa ni.
1. Income (Sum ngahna) nam 4
(a) Earned income (Sep thaman)
Lai pilna leh thatang tawh nasepna hi. Ki gim mahmah hi. Ei thuneihna tawm hi. Hauh neinai ding hamsa. Nuntak nuam ciang hizaw. Sum ngahna tawm in zatcing thei mahmahlo hi. I nasep I tawlngak in I sumlut a bei ni hipah.
- Khasum
- Ni tha
- Nai tha
(b) Passive Income (Neih thaman)
Sum tawh sumbawlna hi. Ei thatang tawh sep kullo hi. Thamang zawdeuh hi. Tam ngah zaw hi. Zat cing zaw hi. Sum kholzo zawdeuh hi.
- Inn kawmsakman
- Sai kawmsakman
- Mawtaw kawmsakman
- Hotel zatsakman
- Bank sumkholna pan kingah summet
(c) Portfolio Income (Lametlohna pan ngahna)
Ki genkhol theilo hi. Tawm thei tam thei hi.
- Love gift (Itna)
- Honorarium (Zahtakna)
- Lottery (Kamsinna)
- Award (Pattawina)
- Present (Khuttawi)
(d) Systematic Income (Khun kholhna tawh ngahna)
Khunkholhna tawh sum ngahna pen leitungbup mihaute sumbawldan hi. Khat vei asep, na khat abawl i thaman khantawn in mannek theihna hi.
- Copy right (Laibu at leh la phuakten laibu leh la a kideih lai siah sum ngah hi)
- Patent right (Set van khat a bawl khit ciang tua van a zang nuam ten zatman pia hi)
- Innovation (Na thak bawlna pan sumngahna) - Software ( Apple, Microsoft, Samsung, Huawei), Application(Facebook, Alibaba, Amazon), Brand (Rolex, Toyota, LV, Channel)
- Licensing (A licence zatman) – Bungsai,
- Franchising (A min, a van leh a siamna zatman) - KFC, ABC, City Mart, Lotteria
2. Sumzondan (Types of Business) nam 4
Business zong kici in Microeconomics zong kici hi. Mimal leh mi tampi kipawl a nasepna hi.
(a) Trading (Vanzuak vanleina)
- Company bawl in gam khat le khat, company khat le khat ahizong mi khat le khat vanzuak vanlei na hi. Gamgi ah sumbawlna zong a thupi mahmah khat hi.
- Sai bawl in Anteh theipuan pan kipan kham-le-ngun, neek-le-dawn, vanzat tuamtuam leh vanleng tembaw dong kihel hi.
Commercial Tax, Income tax, Custom duty cihdan te kipia hi.
(b) Service (Midangte ading sepsakna)
- Vanleng, meileng, mawtaw
- Hotel, Tourism, Ticketing, Restaurant
- Bank, ATM, Creditcard
- Sanginn, Nursery pan University
- Zato, Ambulance,
- Money changer,
(c) Production (Vanthakbawlna)
- Neektheih dawntheih
- Vanzat tuamtuam
- Zatui zaha
- Niikten puansilh
(d) Investment (Hunsau ngiimna tawh nasepna)
- Lamzikpi leh Lei golpite bawlna
- Hydro power station golpi bawlna
- Vanleng tual leh meileng lampi bawlna
- University lamna
- Zatopi lamna
- Vanthakbawlna set innpi tuamtuam lamna
- Innpi leh innlehuang kithuah inn tampi lamna
3. Macroeconomics pen kumpi in sum le pai tawh kisai amau bek septheihte a sepna uh hipha diak hi.
(a) Money supply (Sum dal peina)
(b) Set interest rate (Summeet ciangtanna)
(c) Set tax rate (Siah ciangtanna)
(d) Budget (Sum zatnading gelkholhna)
(e) Make and regulate policy (Thukhun bawlna leh zatna)
(f) Policy nam 2
- Fiscal Policy (Tax and Budget) (Ministry of Finance)
- Monetory Policy (Money supply and Interest) (Central Bank)
- Policy nam 2 tawh a kisemte
Inflation and Umemployment
(Vanmankhanna leh Nasepneihlohna)
Pa Kap Khen Pau
(U Kapno, MBA)
June 3, 2020 (Wednesday)
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