Speech delivered during the Second Zomi Khawmpi from 4th-5th July, 2014 at Tulsa, USA
WHERE ARE WE NOW?
(Zomi-te koitan tungta I hiam?)
By: Thang Lian Pau,
President,
Zomi Re-unification Organisation
Minam I cih ciangin namnih in na kikhen a, tuate English in—Nation leh Ethnic—na kici hi. Ei Zo pau in anih in Minam kici ziau a, a tuam in zong na kingaihsun lo hi. Tua hi a, minam I cih ciangin tawndan leh ngeina kibang, pupa khangui kizom, pupate tung pan a aluahsuk uh gam-leh-leitang ah teng mite ahi hi. Tua ahih manin nation leh ethnic pen kibang mahmah na pi in kilamdangna khat nei kingaihsun hi, tua pen — pupate luahna gam a tengin amau-leh-amau a kivaihawmte pen ‘Nation’ kici se in, minam hi tase leh pupate luahna gam a tenglo hiam, ahih kei leh a tenna gam uh gamgi bangin a khente pen ‘ethnic group’ ki ci hi.
Ei Zomite zong pupa ngeina leh tawndan, khanggui kizom, pau-leh-ham kilamdanglo, pupate tung pan I luahsuk ngekngek gamah teng I hih manin minam kician mahmah khat ihi hi. Ahih hangin I Zogam pen tuizum Mangkangte hong khan lai-in gam tuamtuam ah hong khen manin tudong gamkhat, ukna khat leh kivaihawmna khat ah ki-om thei nailo a, minamkhat-gamkhat suah ding lametna nei-in hih theih zahzah hunkhat khit-hunkhat, khangkhat-khit-khangkhat in kihanciam toto hi. Tu-in Zomite muntuam-gamtuam ah hong kikhenzak in, min tuamtuam tawh minamdangte in hong ciamteh mah taseleh, Zo-suante ihihna kihaihlo-in, ei laiguizom teng kivaihawmna khat a om ding lunggulhna tawh khangmasate na kalsuannate uh ci-in muh theih hi.
Mangkangte in kum 1777 AD pawlin I Zogam hong nawk pan uh a, ahi zongin kum 1890 in la zo bek uh hi. Tua hun a kipanin I Zogam ah hong uk-in, hong vaihawmkhum uh hi. Amaute cihloh buang kuaman hong uk-zou ngeilo, bekthamlo-in zong hong kisimzo ngeilo hi, tua hia ei Zomite pen eimah-leh-eimah kivaihawmin, zaleentaka na nungta tawntung ihi hi. Zogam hong lak khit uh sotlou in, minam khat ihih lam hongtel semsem uh ahih manin, Zomi-namte tenna gam teng kivaipuakna khat sungah gawmding hong gel uh a, hih thu ngaihsun dingin Chin-Lushai Conference-1892, Fort Willam, Calcutta ah na nei ngei uhi. Tua hunlai in Zomite politics lamah kikhanglou nailou hi. Ih gamah modern education sangmangte in hong pan uh a, Christian biakna zong hong khang hi. Hih hun apanin lam tuamtuam ah khanlohna hong om mahleh politics lamah Zomi-te pen kilamzang thei lo-in kiniam mahmah hong suak hi.
Ei Zosuante kigawmkhop a, vaihawmna khat sunga om ding lunggulhna kinei tawntung ahihlam I khangthu uh I et ciangin muh ding na om totou a, tuate phok tawntung ding kisam hi;
(i) 1933 kimlakin, Pu Than Pet Mang@Vum Thu Muang makaihin, Chin National Union na phuan uh a, tuazoh Japan gal hunlai in, Chin Leaders’ Freedom League, Sukte Indipendance Army, Free Chin, adgte. chih kipawlna toh zaleenna/suahtakna nasual uhi.
(ii) 1940s hun ciangin, Zomi Ukpite’n Allied Forces toh pangkhawm in Japan gal nasat uhi. Burma leh India in suahtakna ngah ding dinmun a hong om ciangin, Mizo Union in Zosuante kigawm ding deih thu Mangkangte khut ah dolkhat na khia uhi. Hiai kum (1947) mahin, British-Burma a om Zomi-te leh khamtungmi tuamtuamte’n Panglong Agreement-1947 bawlin, kum 10 khitciang a Burma potsan theih ding na ci uhi. India a om Zosuan pawlkhat te’n L.L.Peter, Suptd of Lushai Hills kimuhpih in, kum 10 khit ciang a India potsan theihna dingthu na kum uhi. Manipur a om Zosuante lakah Kuki National Assembly, Khul Union, adgte. hongpiang in, amaute’n zong Zosuante’ kigawm ding lungtup in nei uhi.
(iii) 1960s hun in, phamsa Pu Gen. Tun Kho Pum Baite makaihna, Chin Liberation Army leh Pu Laldenga makaih, Mizo National Front te’n Zosuante kigawmkikna ding thu limtakin na hanciam uhi. Hiai pawl nihte kitheisiamtaka kalsuan kimlai, heutu khenkhat hong kithah ciangin, minam sungah meima hong piang hi.
(iv) MNF leh Government of India in kum 1986 a kilemna hong bawl ciangin, Mizoram State hong piang hi. Hiai Mizo Accord in Zosuan teng huapkhalou sakna hong piangin, Zomi National Congress(Manipur) leh People’s Congress(Mizoram) te’n movement dangkhat hong pankhia a, First World Zomi Convention-1988 Champhai a kineihkhit ciangin, Zomi Re-unification Organisation(ZoRO) hong phutkhia uhi (1991 in Zomi chihpen Zo ci’n khek uhi). Tuni chiang dong, ZoRO in Zosuante kigawmkikna ding deihna toh International forum tuamtuam ah, tua thute taangkoupihta uhi.
(v) Zosuan teng kivaihawmna khat ah omkhawm naikei mahleng, Chin State (Burma), Mizoram state (India), banah CHT (Bangladesh), leh Tripura (India) a om Zosuante’n Sixth Schedule cihbang I nei a, hucihlai in Manipur a omte’n kivaihawmna mumaltak tunitan neilou uh hi.
(vi) 1990s ciangin Manipur a om Zosuante lakah minam a khanlawhna khat hong pianga, chibing(tribe) a kikhenna te’n minam suahtakna tunlou ding ahihdan leh, eimah kicihna, ‘Zomi’ min mah zanga politics saivet ding ahi cih ngaihsutna kiptak toh, khovel a Zosuante kigawmkikna ding tup pipen a a nei, Zomi Re-unification Organisation(ZRO) hong pankhia uhi. Nam lianzaw pawlkhatin thagum zanga hong nengchip thei dinmun a om ciangin, Zomi Revolutionary Army(ZRA) hong pankhia uhi. Hiai hun lai in, Burma ah MP kitelna hong om a, Zomi National Congress pen Political Party khata nei in MP 2(two) I telching uhi.
(vii) 2000 ciang in, khovel politics paizia zong hong kikheng hiaihiai in, Zomi-te sungah zong civil organisations tuamtuam hong piang khia hi. Saptuam maikaite hanciamna toh Global Zomi Alliance cih bang, Manipur a tribe tuamtuamte kipawlkhopna ahi Zomi Council, banah khovel mun tuamtuam ah Zomi Innkuan, Zomi Fellowship, adgte. ipankhia theita uh hi.
Hiai a tunga I taklat thute apan, Zomi-te’n kigawmkhopna leh vaihawmna/ki-ukna khat a omkhop ding lunggulhin nei gige uh hi cih teltakin kimu thei hi.
Tuni’n midangte’ hong sapna min zanga political platform ineihna kum 80, revolutionary movement ipatna kum 54 vel leh Zomi min toh political party (ZNC formed at Daizang in 1972) ineihna kum 42, banah, Zomi min toh revolutionary movement I patna kum 21 bang phatheita ahihtak chiangin, minam nnasepna-ah koitan tungta, koiteng in samlai hiam chihte kivelthakzel poimoh mahmah hi.
Adiak kholin, ZRO I pat apan tuni chiang en leng, politics a lohcinna (political achievements) cih gen ding omlo phial bang mahleh, minam nnasepna ah naakpitakin makisawn hi:-
(a) Zomi cih mite’n hong pompih mahmahta a, koimun-koigam ah Zomi kicih angtanhuai kisa theita hi. Pasian huhna toh, Zosuan khangnoute’ felna leh kipiakzohnate namdangte’n hong muh ciangin, muantham leh belhtham cing hongsa-in, zong hong thupisim uh hi. Pasian in Isreal-te kiangah, ‘a mei hilou in, a lu dingin kongbawl ding hi’ acih pen ei Zomi-te adi’n zong dikpha diak kasa hi.
(b) Kineu ngaihsutna apan a lianzo lam lungtup in kinei theita hi. Hun khatlai in Manipur a om Zosuante lakah, cibing ngaihsutna lian mahmah a, tua cibingte minam dana koih in, Simte National Council, Paite National Council, Vaiphei National Organisation, adgte., cih bangin na om tiltel uh hi. Tuni ciangin, ih minam diktak Zomi hi a, chibing a India in hong cheptehnate tribes ahi cih kiphokna toh, Simte Tribe Council, Paite Tribe Council, adgte., in honglaih in, tuni’n cibing tuamtuam 9(Nine) bang in Zomi Council sungah seemkhom theita hi.
(c) Zomi chih a pomtheilianlou pawlkhat te’n zong Zosuan ihihdan phawkin, tuabang nnasepnate ah hong kiheltheita uhi. Mizoram sung ah zong, Zosuan/Zohnahthlak cih hong thupi ngaihsut theita in, hun paisa a Duhlian pau a zangthei lianloute tuambawlna zong hong beipianta hi.
(d) Khangthak siamsinte’n zong midangte hongsapna peuh thupi ngaihsut nawnlou in, Zomi chih min toh research tuamtuam hong panta in, khamtung/mualtung a iteenziak a Zomi hizolo in, Zosuan ihihziaka Zomi ihihdan hong phoulaak semsem uhi.
(e) Zosuante’n I tawndan leh hun-bi poimohte ngaih khawkna kineita a, Zomi Namni, Khodou Pawi, etc bang thupitakin izangkhawm theita uhi. Heutu masate zahna leh amaute phokkikna lungsim zong kineita hi.
(f) Khovel gam tuamtuam 32 bangah kikhosa a, tuabanga khosa Zosuante in zong minam leh gam khantouhna ding lunggeelna kineitheita hi.
(g) Manipur a om Zosuante adia political status khat neih ding deihna toh kipawlkhopna lianzaw kinei in, thautawi naupangte’n India toh hiamkhamna nei a, political talk neih ding lametna toh kingaklel hi. Hiai bang dinmun pen, namdang pawlkhat in kum 30/40 bang a sual nunga leng a muhlouh uh hamphatna ahi.
(h) Minam min toh kipawlkhopna tuamtuam te’n eimah septheihna lamciat ah, gam leh nam khantouhna ding deihna toh, kihanciam theita hi. Chi-bing, khua-bing a tuailaite kipawlkhopna tuamtuamte zong Zomi Youth Association ci’n a lianzaw/taangzaizaw in kiseem theita hi. Tuamah bangin, Zomi Siamsin (Zomi Student’ Federation), Zomi Human Rights Foundation, Zomi Literatures and Languages Society, Zomi Artists Association, Zomi Innkuan, Global Zomi Alliance, Zomi Council, adgte kinei in, mabang panin, kihanciam theita hi.
(i) Namdangte toh sepkhop, bawlkhop cihte kithupi ngaihsut a, Alliance tuamtuam ah member kihi koikoi hi.
Thukhupna: Haksatna leh buaina tampi tuaksek mahleng, Pasian in hong nusialo in, minam adia isepnate zong a thawn-aval ahihlohdan muhtheih om hi. Ahihhangin, Rabindranath Tagore in, ‘miles to go before I sleep’ (ka ihmutma in ka kalsuan ding/sep-ding tam mahmah hi) acih bangin, eite’n zong I lungtup tangtunna ding in sep-le-bawl ding tampi mahin samlai hi cih phokhuai kasa hi. Thupil in, ‘tuimal neuneu kigawm in tuipi lianpi bawl hi’ acih bangin, ih omna leh kihelkhakna ciatah, minam adi’n haanciamtek leng, Pasian in hunkhat ni ciang in i lungtup hong kuitungsak ding hi.
Lungdam.
src:phualva times
WHERE ARE WE NOW?
(Zomi-te koitan tungta I hiam?)
President,
Zomi Re-unification Organisation
Minam I cih ciangin namnih in na kikhen a, tuate English in—Nation leh Ethnic—na kici hi. Ei Zo pau in anih in Minam kici ziau a, a tuam in zong na kingaihsun lo hi. Tua hi a, minam I cih ciangin tawndan leh ngeina kibang, pupa khangui kizom, pupate tung pan a aluahsuk uh gam-leh-leitang ah teng mite ahi hi. Tua ahih manin nation leh ethnic pen kibang mahmah na pi in kilamdangna khat nei kingaihsun hi, tua pen — pupate luahna gam a tengin amau-leh-amau a kivaihawmte pen ‘Nation’ kici se in, minam hi tase leh pupate luahna gam a tenglo hiam, ahih kei leh a tenna gam uh gamgi bangin a khente pen ‘ethnic group’ ki ci hi.
Ei Zomite zong pupa ngeina leh tawndan, khanggui kizom, pau-leh-ham kilamdanglo, pupate tung pan I luahsuk ngekngek gamah teng I hih manin minam kician mahmah khat ihi hi. Ahih hangin I Zogam pen tuizum Mangkangte hong khan lai-in gam tuamtuam ah hong khen manin tudong gamkhat, ukna khat leh kivaihawmna khat ah ki-om thei nailo a, minamkhat-gamkhat suah ding lametna nei-in hih theih zahzah hunkhat khit-hunkhat, khangkhat-khit-khangkhat in kihanciam toto hi. Tu-in Zomite muntuam-gamtuam ah hong kikhenzak in, min tuamtuam tawh minamdangte in hong ciamteh mah taseleh, Zo-suante ihihna kihaihlo-in, ei laiguizom teng kivaihawmna khat a om ding lunggulhna tawh khangmasate na kalsuannate uh ci-in muh theih hi.
Mangkangte in kum 1777 AD pawlin I Zogam hong nawk pan uh a, ahi zongin kum 1890 in la zo bek uh hi. Tua hun a kipanin I Zogam ah hong uk-in, hong vaihawmkhum uh hi. Amaute cihloh buang kuaman hong uk-zou ngeilo, bekthamlo-in zong hong kisimzo ngeilo hi, tua hia ei Zomite pen eimah-leh-eimah kivaihawmin, zaleentaka na nungta tawntung ihi hi. Zogam hong lak khit uh sotlou in, minam khat ihih lam hongtel semsem uh ahih manin, Zomi-namte tenna gam teng kivaipuakna khat sungah gawmding hong gel uh a, hih thu ngaihsun dingin Chin-Lushai Conference-1892, Fort Willam, Calcutta ah na nei ngei uhi. Tua hunlai in Zomite politics lamah kikhanglou nailou hi. Ih gamah modern education sangmangte in hong pan uh a, Christian biakna zong hong khang hi. Hih hun apanin lam tuamtuam ah khanlohna hong om mahleh politics lamah Zomi-te pen kilamzang thei lo-in kiniam mahmah hong suak hi.
Ei Zosuante kigawmkhop a, vaihawmna khat sunga om ding lunggulhna kinei tawntung ahihlam I khangthu uh I et ciangin muh ding na om totou a, tuate phok tawntung ding kisam hi;
(i) 1933 kimlakin, Pu Than Pet Mang@Vum Thu Muang makaihin, Chin National Union na phuan uh a, tuazoh Japan gal hunlai in, Chin Leaders’ Freedom League, Sukte Indipendance Army, Free Chin, adgte. chih kipawlna toh zaleenna/suahtakna nasual uhi.
(ii) 1940s hun ciangin, Zomi Ukpite’n Allied Forces toh pangkhawm in Japan gal nasat uhi. Burma leh India in suahtakna ngah ding dinmun a hong om ciangin, Mizo Union in Zosuante kigawm ding deih thu Mangkangte khut ah dolkhat na khia uhi. Hiai kum (1947) mahin, British-Burma a om Zomi-te leh khamtungmi tuamtuamte’n Panglong Agreement-1947 bawlin, kum 10 khitciang a Burma potsan theih ding na ci uhi. India a om Zosuan pawlkhat te’n L.L.Peter, Suptd of Lushai Hills kimuhpih in, kum 10 khit ciang a India potsan theihna dingthu na kum uhi. Manipur a om Zosuante lakah Kuki National Assembly, Khul Union, adgte. hongpiang in, amaute’n zong Zosuante’ kigawm ding lungtup in nei uhi.
(iii) 1960s hun in, phamsa Pu Gen. Tun Kho Pum Baite makaihna, Chin Liberation Army leh Pu Laldenga makaih, Mizo National Front te’n Zosuante kigawmkikna ding thu limtakin na hanciam uhi. Hiai pawl nihte kitheisiamtaka kalsuan kimlai, heutu khenkhat hong kithah ciangin, minam sungah meima hong piang hi.
(iv) MNF leh Government of India in kum 1986 a kilemna hong bawl ciangin, Mizoram State hong piang hi. Hiai Mizo Accord in Zosuan teng huapkhalou sakna hong piangin, Zomi National Congress(Manipur) leh People’s Congress(Mizoram) te’n movement dangkhat hong pankhia a, First World Zomi Convention-1988 Champhai a kineihkhit ciangin, Zomi Re-unification Organisation(ZoRO) hong phutkhia uhi (1991 in Zomi chihpen Zo ci’n khek uhi). Tuni chiang dong, ZoRO in Zosuante kigawmkikna ding deihna toh International forum tuamtuam ah, tua thute taangkoupihta uhi.
(v) Zosuan teng kivaihawmna khat ah omkhawm naikei mahleng, Chin State (Burma), Mizoram state (India), banah CHT (Bangladesh), leh Tripura (India) a om Zosuante’n Sixth Schedule cihbang I nei a, hucihlai in Manipur a omte’n kivaihawmna mumaltak tunitan neilou uh hi.
(vi) 1990s ciangin Manipur a om Zosuante lakah minam a khanlawhna khat hong pianga, chibing(tribe) a kikhenna te’n minam suahtakna tunlou ding ahihdan leh, eimah kicihna, ‘Zomi’ min mah zanga politics saivet ding ahi cih ngaihsutna kiptak toh, khovel a Zosuante kigawmkikna ding tup pipen a a nei, Zomi Re-unification Organisation(ZRO) hong pankhia uhi. Nam lianzaw pawlkhatin thagum zanga hong nengchip thei dinmun a om ciangin, Zomi Revolutionary Army(ZRA) hong pankhia uhi. Hiai hun lai in, Burma ah MP kitelna hong om a, Zomi National Congress pen Political Party khata nei in MP 2(two) I telching uhi.
(vii) 2000 ciang in, khovel politics paizia zong hong kikheng hiaihiai in, Zomi-te sungah zong civil organisations tuamtuam hong piang khia hi. Saptuam maikaite hanciamna toh Global Zomi Alliance cih bang, Manipur a tribe tuamtuamte kipawlkhopna ahi Zomi Council, banah khovel mun tuamtuam ah Zomi Innkuan, Zomi Fellowship, adgte. ipankhia theita uh hi.
Hiai a tunga I taklat thute apan, Zomi-te’n kigawmkhopna leh vaihawmna/ki-ukna khat a omkhop ding lunggulhin nei gige uh hi cih teltakin kimu thei hi.
Tuni’n midangte’ hong sapna min zanga political platform ineihna kum 80, revolutionary movement ipatna kum 54 vel leh Zomi min toh political party (ZNC formed at Daizang in 1972) ineihna kum 42, banah, Zomi min toh revolutionary movement I patna kum 21 bang phatheita ahihtak chiangin, minam nnasepna-ah koitan tungta, koiteng in samlai hiam chihte kivelthakzel poimoh mahmah hi.
Adiak kholin, ZRO I pat apan tuni chiang en leng, politics a lohcinna (political achievements) cih gen ding omlo phial bang mahleh, minam nnasepna ah naakpitakin makisawn hi:-
(a) Zomi cih mite’n hong pompih mahmahta a, koimun-koigam ah Zomi kicih angtanhuai kisa theita hi. Pasian huhna toh, Zosuan khangnoute’ felna leh kipiakzohnate namdangte’n hong muh ciangin, muantham leh belhtham cing hongsa-in, zong hong thupisim uh hi. Pasian in Isreal-te kiangah, ‘a mei hilou in, a lu dingin kongbawl ding hi’ acih pen ei Zomi-te adi’n zong dikpha diak kasa hi.
(b) Kineu ngaihsutna apan a lianzo lam lungtup in kinei theita hi. Hun khatlai in Manipur a om Zosuante lakah, cibing ngaihsutna lian mahmah a, tua cibingte minam dana koih in, Simte National Council, Paite National Council, Vaiphei National Organisation, adgte., cih bangin na om tiltel uh hi. Tuni ciangin, ih minam diktak Zomi hi a, chibing a India in hong cheptehnate tribes ahi cih kiphokna toh, Simte Tribe Council, Paite Tribe Council, adgte., in honglaih in, tuni’n cibing tuamtuam 9(Nine) bang in Zomi Council sungah seemkhom theita hi.
(c) Zomi chih a pomtheilianlou pawlkhat te’n zong Zosuan ihihdan phawkin, tuabang nnasepnate ah hong kiheltheita uhi. Mizoram sung ah zong, Zosuan/Zohnahthlak cih hong thupi ngaihsut theita in, hun paisa a Duhlian pau a zangthei lianloute tuambawlna zong hong beipianta hi.
(d) Khangthak siamsinte’n zong midangte hongsapna peuh thupi ngaihsut nawnlou in, Zomi chih min toh research tuamtuam hong panta in, khamtung/mualtung a iteenziak a Zomi hizolo in, Zosuan ihihziaka Zomi ihihdan hong phoulaak semsem uhi.
(e) Zosuante’n I tawndan leh hun-bi poimohte ngaih khawkna kineita a, Zomi Namni, Khodou Pawi, etc bang thupitakin izangkhawm theita uhi. Heutu masate zahna leh amaute phokkikna lungsim zong kineita hi.
(f) Khovel gam tuamtuam 32 bangah kikhosa a, tuabanga khosa Zosuante in zong minam leh gam khantouhna ding lunggeelna kineitheita hi.
(g) Manipur a om Zosuante adia political status khat neih ding deihna toh kipawlkhopna lianzaw kinei in, thautawi naupangte’n India toh hiamkhamna nei a, political talk neih ding lametna toh kingaklel hi. Hiai bang dinmun pen, namdang pawlkhat in kum 30/40 bang a sual nunga leng a muhlouh uh hamphatna ahi.
(h) Minam min toh kipawlkhopna tuamtuam te’n eimah septheihna lamciat ah, gam leh nam khantouhna ding deihna toh, kihanciam theita hi. Chi-bing, khua-bing a tuailaite kipawlkhopna tuamtuamte zong Zomi Youth Association ci’n a lianzaw/taangzaizaw in kiseem theita hi. Tuamah bangin, Zomi Siamsin (Zomi Student’ Federation), Zomi Human Rights Foundation, Zomi Literatures and Languages Society, Zomi Artists Association, Zomi Innkuan, Global Zomi Alliance, Zomi Council, adgte kinei in, mabang panin, kihanciam theita hi.
(i) Namdangte toh sepkhop, bawlkhop cihte kithupi ngaihsut a, Alliance tuamtuam ah member kihi koikoi hi.
Thukhupna: Haksatna leh buaina tampi tuaksek mahleng, Pasian in hong nusialo in, minam adia isepnate zong a thawn-aval ahihlohdan muhtheih om hi. Ahihhangin, Rabindranath Tagore in, ‘miles to go before I sleep’ (ka ihmutma in ka kalsuan ding/sep-ding tam mahmah hi) acih bangin, eite’n zong I lungtup tangtunna ding in sep-le-bawl ding tampi mahin samlai hi cih phokhuai kasa hi. Thupil in, ‘tuimal neuneu kigawm in tuipi lianpi bawl hi’ acih bangin, ih omna leh kihelkhakna ciatah, minam adi’n haanciamtek leng, Pasian in hunkhat ni ciang in i lungtup hong kuitungsak ding hi.
Lungdam.
src:phualva times
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